Quantum technology promises to fundamentally change areas of information processing and transmission. But what opportunities and risks exist through quantum computing and quantum communication, in short, through quantum ICT? What course must be set now in order to be competitive and confident with regard to quantum ICT? The white paper on the topics of quantum computing and quantum communication from the Competence Center for Public IT (ÖFIT) at the Fraunhofer Institute FOKUS addresses these questions and would like to make a contribution to ensuring that the step toward value creation succeeds.