Traditional voice-based emergency call systems are being replaced by IP-based emergency services systems (NG112) that are more robust and more feature rich. For example, NG112 will enable the transmission of text messages in real time, the sending of images, videos, and more precise location delivery. It will also be possible to integrate sensor data transmitted for instance  from smartwatches. NG112 systems thus create a powerful foundation for faster and more effective emergency response.

New requirements for emergency control centres and network infrastructures

However, the transition to NG112 presents not only new opportunities but also technological challenges. A key component is the so-called Emergency Services IP Network (ESInet), which is responsible, amongst other things, for the routing of emergency calls, providing location data and ensuring the reliability of the infrastructure. From the perspective of emergency fall centres, there are three different options for implementing an ESInet:

• In-house operation: Under this model, emergency call centres are responsible for all aspects of operation – from the provision of hardware and software to operation, maintenance, network monitoring, troubleshooting and security. This gives them full control but also requires specialised staff.
• Commercial operation: In this case, emergency call centres commission network operators and NG112 system providers to provide the ESInet. This reduces the workload for the emergency call centres, but also means they have less insight into the ESInet should a problem arise.
• Hybrid model: This combines in-house operation with commercial operation. In this case too, emergency call centres require qualified staff to operate the network and ensure its security.

Interoperable NG112 solutions

Fraunhofer FOKUS is working on the development and implementation of end-to-end solutions for NG112. A particular focus of the development work is on the interoperability of the solutions. By participating in international NG112 plug tests, FOKUS was able to successfully demonstrate the compatibility of its own components with existing industry solutions. Through its activities, Fraunhofer FOKUS supports emergency control centres and network operators in particular with the phased introduction of NG112. At the same time, manufacturers are supported in developing interoperable and standards-compliant solutions.

In the long term, Fraunhofer FOKUS aims to play a central role in defining and establishing an NG112 certification programme, thereby playing a key part in shaping the standardisation of the next generation of emergency call systems.