FOKUS Publications Overview 2011

Contents Summary .......................................................................................................................... iv 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 2 Cloud Definitions and Architectures ....................................................................... 2 2.1 NIST Basic Definitions of Cloud Computing ........................................................ 2 2.2

The Internet today consist of many heterogeneous infrastructures, owned and maintained by separate and potentially competing administrative authorities. On top of this a wide variety of applications has different requirements with regard to quality, reliability and security from the underlying networks. The number of stakeholders who participate in provisioning of network and services is growing. More demanding applications (like eGovernment, eHealth, critical and emergency infrastructures) are on the rise. Therefore we assume that these two basic characteristics, a) multiple authorities and b) applications with very diverse demands, are likely to stay or even increase in the Internet of the future. In such an environment federation and virtualization of resources are key features that should be supported in a future Internet. The ability to form slices across domains that meet application specific requirements enables many of the desired features in future networks. In thispaper, we present a Multipath Routing Slice experiment that we performed over multiple federated testbeds. We combined capabilities from different experimental facilities, since one single testbed did not offer all the required capabilities. This paper summarizes the conducted experiment, our experience with the usability of federated testbeds and our experience with the use of advanced measurement technologies within experimental facilities. We believe that this experiment provides a good example use case for the future Internet itself because we assume that the Internet will consist of multiple different infrastructures that have to be combined in application specific overlays or routing slices, very much like the experimental facilities we used in this experiment. We also assume that the growing demands will push towards a much better measurement instrumentation of the future Internet. The tools used in our experiment can provide a starting point for this.

The future wireless telecommunication environment is characterized by the co-existence of a multitude of wireless networks such as LTE, LTE-Advanced, UMTS, WiMAX, WiFi etc. In order to be able to offer the best connectivity, according to the requirements of the users and to the preferences of the operator, a novel functionality was introduced in the core network and in the mobile devices for access network discovery and selection. This paper introduces this functionality as standardized in the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core (EPC), highlighting its main concepts and technical scenarios. Further, a set of novel optimizations are presented and evaluated, followed by the description of their implementation as part of the Fraunhofer FOKUS OpenEPC toolkit.

This paper studies the impacts of vehicular communications on efficiency of traffic in urban areas. We consider a Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory application implementation in a typical reference area and present the results of its performance analysis using an integrated cooperative intelligent transportation systems simulation platform. In addition, we study route alternation using vehicle-to-infrastructure and vehicle-to-vehicle communications. Our interest was to monitor the impacts of these applications on fuel and traffic efficiency by introducing metrics for average fuel consumption, average stop time behind a traffic light and average trip time, respectively. For gathering the results, we implemented two traffic scenarios defining routes through an urban area including traffic lights. The simulations are varied for different penetration rates of application-equipped vehicles, driver's compliance to the advised speed and traffic density. Our results indicate that Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory systems could improve fuel consumption, reduce traffic congestion in junctions and the total trip time.

In this paper, we present a new, low-cost dry electrode for EEG that is made of flexible metal-coated polymer bristles. We examine various standard EEG paradigms, such as capturing occipital alpha rhythms, testing for event-related potentials in an auditory oddball paradigm and performing a sensory motor rhythm-based event-related (de-) synchronization paradigm to validate the performance of the novel electrodes in terms of signal quality. Our findings suggest that the dry electrodes that we developed result in high-quality EEG recordings and are thus suitable for a wide range of EEG studies and BCI applications. Furthermore, due to the flexibility of the novel electrodes, greater comfort is achieved in some subjects, this being essential for long-term use.

Telecommunication and Internet services are constantly subject to changes, seeking the customer's full satisfaction. Enriching these services with innovative approaches such as context-aware, social, mobile, adaptable and interactive mechanisms enable users to experience a variety of personalized services seamlessly across different platforms and technologies. In this sense, Service Oriented Architectures play a central role in allowing component reuse and low cost service creation. Together with IP Multimedia Subsystem enable the convergence of telecommunications and web services, allowing the network transport technologies to be abstracted from the services above. By integrating these technologies, a number of synergies can be explored. Existing services can be easily enriched with context information, made available on a variety of networks and new services can be composed using previously existing building blocks. This paper explains how this integration can be achieved, and demonstrates the potentialities of this architectural paradigm with a prototype service.

Future mobile networks are expected to be complex heterogeneous systems. On the one hand this will enable users to take advantage of a number of different access technologies. On the other hand it will seriously affect network management procedures since more extensive operations and decisions will have to be dealt with. To tackle these challenges a number of new dynamic mechanisms need to be designed. It is imperative that certain network management tasks have to be performed without human intervention to reduce the OPEX costs and achieve faster responses in different events. To achieve this goal, the introduction of self-x functionalities, combined with cognitive mechanisms and the ability to reconfigure network entities and terminals, is required. Moreover, the introduction of a new pilot channel needs to be considered to assist the terminals in selecting the most suitable radio access technology according to their requirements. We present the functional architecture of an evolved network that was designed in the context of the EU-funded IP project âE3: End-to-End Efficiencyâ. This architecture aims to enhance existing procedures usually performed in traditional operation and maintenance systems (e.g. spectrum management, network planning, configuration actions). We explain the rationale of our design and provide specific examples to illustrate the role of the different functional entities and their interfaces. A considerable part of this architecture has recently been approved as a feasibility study by the ETSI Committee Reconfigurable Radio System.

The objective of this paper is to analyze economic efficiency considerations of standards competition, in order to thereby enrich the discussion about the transfer of the ECMA-376-1 (Office Open XML OOXML) standard into the ISO/IEC 29500:2008 standard parallel to the already existing ISO/IEC 26300:2006 (Open Document Format for Office Applications ODF) standard. Based on the available economic literature we identify parameters that need to be considered in the decision for or against a competition between competing standards. The characteristics in the specific case of competition between the ODF and the OOOXML standard clearly justify the decision for two documents standards.

Durch einen effizienten Datenaustausch mit der Verwaltung können Unternehmen von kostspieligen Informations- und Meldepflichten entlastet werden. Wie dieser gelingen kann, zeigt das von einem interdisziplinären Projekt-Team entwickelte P23R-Prinzip.

Networks, services, and business models need to be piloted in a large-scale environment that mimics as far as possible the Internet and its future version, although we certainly do not know what this will look like. In this highly demanding and dynamic context, new frameworks and (meta-) architectures for supporting experimentation are proposed, aiming at discovering how existing and emerging testbeds and experimental resources can be put together in such a way that testing and experimentation may be carried out according to specific requirements (industry, academia, etc.). The work presented in this article addresses a number of the fundamental principles and their corresponding technology implementations that enable the provisioning of large-scale testbeds for testing and experimentation as well as deploying future Internet platforms for piloting novel applications. The proposed concepts and architecture of Panlab, a pan-European testbed federation, aspires to facilitate and support user needs in these new areas.

In den vergangenen Jahrzehnten gewann die minimalinvasive Chirurgie immer stärker an Bedeutung, und dennoch müssen Chirurgen nach wie vor mit eingeschränkter Orientierung und schwieriger Navigation kämpfen. Das 2D-Kamerabild des Endoskops liefert das einzige visuelle Feedback. Hierdurch ist das Kamerablickfeld begrenzt, die Blickstandpunkte von Arzt und Endoskop sind entkoppelt, und darüber hinaus kann der Chirurg das von einem Assistenten gehaltene Endoskop nicht selbst kontrollieren. Das vom BMBF geförderte Projekt ,Endoguide" hat die Entwicklung eines neuartigen, computergestützten Endoskopiesystems für laparoskopische Eingriffe zum Ziel. Das Endoguide-System besteht aus einem neuen Endoskop mit beweglicher Kamera sowie einer Computereinheit für VR / AR-Unterstützung und intuitive Benutzerschnittstellen. Das Endoskop wird hierbei nicht mehr von einem Assistenten gehalten, sondern ist in einen Haltearm eingespannt, wobei Elektromotoren die volle Kontrolle von Blickrichtung,Fokus und Zoom sicherstellen. Die Computereinheit ermöglicht eine Vielzahl neuer Features. Das gesamte System, inklusive des Endoskops, kann über mehrere berührungslose Schnittstellen kontrolliert werden, wie z. B. Spracheingabe, Kopf- oder Blicksteuerung. Darüber hinaus sind durch GPU-basierte Echtzeit-Videoverarbeitung und optisches Tracking automatische Features realisiert, u. a. ein FFT-basierter Autofokus, bildbasierte Instrumentenverfolgung oder adaptive Region-of-Interest-Auswahl und Kameranachführung. Insbesondere Letzteres erlaubt es dem Chirurgen, sich voll auf seine Arbeit zu konzentrieren, da das System automatisch die korrekte Ansicht ermittelt. Um das eingeschränkte Sichtfeld des Endoskops zu überwinden, kann das System automatisch 360°-Übersichtspanoramen erzeugen. Diese können entweder auf einem Monitor oder in immersiven Umgebungen, wie z. B. kleinen Kuppelprojektionen, betrachtet werden. Im Panoramabild wird die aktuelle Endoskopsicht an der korrekten Stelleangezeigt. Daten und Annotationen aus der OP-Planung (z. B. von CT / MRT) können überlagert werden und so wertvolle Informationen während des Eingriffs liefern. Darüber hinaus macht es das Kopftracking möglich, die Blickrichtung des Chirurgen mit der Kameraorientierung zu koppeln und hierdurch wieder ein direktes visuelles Feedback zu geben.

In recent years ad hoc parallel data processing has emerged to be one of the killer applications for Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) clouds. Major Cloud computing companies have started to integrate frameworks for parallel data processing in their product portfolio, making it easy for customers to access these services and to deploy their programs. However, the processing frameworks which are currently used have been designed for static, homogeneous cluster setups and disregard the particular nature of a cloud. Consequently, the allocated compute resources may be inadequate for big parts of the submitted job and unnecessarily increase processing time and cost. In this paper, we discuss the opportunities and challenges for efficient parallel data processing in clouds and present our research project Nephele. Nephele is the first data processing framework to explicitly exploit the dynamic resource allocation offered by today's IaaS clouds for both, task scheduling and execution. Particular tasks of a processing job can be assigned to different types of virtual machines which are automatically instantiated and terminated during the job execution. Based on this new framework, we perform extended evaluations of MapReduce-inspired processing jobs on an IaaS cloud system and compare the results to the popular data processing framework Hadoop.

This paper investigates the application of the Delphi methodology for the identification of future fields of standardisation complemented by a methodological extension by using various science and technology indicators. By the term standardisation, we broadly mean the process of developing and implementing technical standards within a standardisation body. Underlining the explorative nature of this paper, we describe the process of identifying future fields of standardisation. To provide a systematic forecasting view on complex science and technology fields, a combination of quantitative indicator-based analyses and qualitative in-depth Delphi surveys is choosen. Firstly, statistical analyses of suitable indicators are used to identify dynamic developments in such fields. Secondly, to identify detailed challenges for future standardisation, qualitative Delphi surveys are conducted. To collect and evaluate relevant issues the respective expert communities were included. They were identified by using information derived from the science and technology databases used. The paper concludes with the assessment of the chosen approach and give practical insights for its feasibility based on a review of the existing literature on the Delphi methodology. In addition, an outlook for further improvements and other possible fields of application is given.

The paper describes a methodology for standardisation foresight developed for the German Institute for Standardisation (DIN), to systematically identify innovative standardisation topics by involving the science and research community. Up to date, formal standardisation bodies have not undertaken systematic efforts to conduct these kinds of forecasting studies. This approach identifies future standardisation aspects in dynamic, innovative fields of technology by combining a computerised quantitative analysis of science and technology indicators (e.g., patent applications, scientific publications, etc.) and Delphi-based surveys. We first describe the function and economic effects of standards in the innovative process. Then, we introduce an indicator module to identify future fields of standardisation and combine this qualitative analysis with an online Delphi survey. To illustrate the general methodological approach, we exemplarily display major results on nanotechnology. We conclude by assessing the application of our standard foresight approach and its extensibility towards computer-aided information retrieval.

Currently, the IEEE Standards Association is very active in the framework of cognitive radio with an aim to provide a bridge between research results, implementation, and widespread deployment of this new communication paradigm. This article reports recent developments within the IEEE Dynamic Spectrum Access Network Standards Committee 1 on dynamic spectrum access networks with particular consideration of IEEE 1900.6, -Spectrum Sensing Interfaces and Data Structures for Dynamic Spectrum Access and Other Advanced Radio Communication Systems.- It outlines the current structure of the IEEE 1900.6 standard and its relationship with other related standardization activities. We provide application scenarios and topology briefly, and discuss open research issues that raise future challenges to the standardization community.

Der Beitrag reflektiert die Einführung und Etablierung eines unabhängigen Qualitätsmanagements im Projekt "P23R | Prozess-Daten-Beschleuniger" im Rahmen des IT-Investitionsprogramms der Bundesregierung.

Future processing, storage and communication services will be highly pervasive: people, smart objects, machines and the surrounding space (all embedding devices such as with sensors, RFID tags etc.) will define a highly decentralized cyber environment of resources interconnected by dynamic networks of networks. As communications will extend to cover any combination of \\\people, machines and things\\\, future networks will be increasingly complex and heterogeneous, yet always endorsed with the challenging task of ensuring end-to-end QoS. This paper proposes the groundwork for an advanced cognitive networking paradigm exploitable in future wired and wireless infrastructures: a decentralized cognitive plane to allow for cross-layer, cross-node and cross-network domain self-management, self-control and self-optimization, while being compatible with legacy management and control systems.

Background: Executive dysfunction has repeatedly been proposed as a robust and promising substrate of analytical approaches in the research of neurocognitive markers of schizophrenia. Here, we present a mixed model- and data-driven classification approach by applying a task that targets executive dysfunction in schizophrenia and by investigating relevant event-related potential (ERP) features with machine learning classifiers. Methods: Forty schizophrenic patients and forty matched healthy controls completed the Attention Network Test while an electroencephalogram was recorded. Target-locked N1 and P3 ERP components were constructed and submitted to different classification analyses without a priori hypotheses. Standardized source localization was applied to estimate neural sources of N1 and P3 deficits in schizophrenia. Results: We obtained a classification accuracy of 79% using only very few ERP components. Central P3 components following compatible and incompatible trialsand right parietal N1 latencies averaged across targets and were sufficient for classification. P3 deficits were associated with anterior cingulate cortex dysfunction, while right posterior current density deficits were observed in schizophrenia during the N1 time frame. Conclusions: The data exemplarily show how automated inference may be applied to classify a pathological state in single subjects without prior knowledge of their diagnoses. While classification accuracy may be optimized by application of other executive paradigms, this approach illustrates the potential of machine learning algorithms for the identification of biomarkers that are independent of clinical assessments. Conversely, data suggest a pathophysiological mechanism that includes early visual and late executive deficits during response inhibition in schizophrenia.

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has become the first widely adopted protocol for managing IP-based telephony, video, and multimedia sessions. SIP advertises a contact point of an individual to the Web. This contact point, similar to an e-mail address, can be exploited for spam purposes. Spam over Internet Telephony, also called SPIT, in general denotes any bulk unsolicited information sent to any potential calling-end of a VoIP infrastructure. Even though SPIT is a new concept, it is more reasonable to address this problem right now, rather than waiting until the problem prevails. To mitigate SPIT, adequate technical countermeasures are required. The solution space may expand to nontechnical ones, as well. In this paper, we propose the SPIDER (SPam over Internet telephony Detection sERvice) platform, a modular and efficient system for fighting SPIT. SPIDER orchestrates several discrete modules that parse, analyze, process, and classify incoming SIP call requests. Wediscuss technical design details of the individual modules, that this platform consists of; then, we present how these modules are combined to support accurate decisions for any incoming SIP call being legitimate or not. Furthermore, we include a comprehensive evaluation scenario, which refers to the tests performed on the individual modules and on the integrated platform. Evaluation results indicate that the overall architecture manages to identify SPIT calls with low false ratio by using reasonable processing resources and tolerable decision time.

Research efforts at network design in the area of Autonomic Networking and Self-Managing Networks have reached a maturity level that forms a strong foundation toward standardization of architectural principles of the Self-Managing Future Internet. Therefore, an Industry Specification Group (ISG) on Autonomic network engineering for the self-managing Future Internet (AFI) has been established under the auspices of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). Upon its creation, the main stakeholders agreed to harmonize the previous developments and the most recent trends in the very vital field of autonomic and self-managing networks. Particularly, the life cycle of AFI is structured by Work Items providing the foundation for ETSI Group Specifications. So far AFI has been focusing on scenarios, use cases, and requirements for the autonomic/selfmanaging Future Internet, as well as on architectural reference model for autonomic networking and self-management. Mostrecently, AFI has continued with a new Work Item on requirements analysis and specification of implementation-oriented solutions for autonomics and self-management. At the same time, as a part of the global ecosystem, AFI is establishing strategic liaisons with the standards developing organizations and research community.

Das UML Testing Profile [UTP] ist eine grafische Modellierungssprache zur Definition, Dokumentation, Visualisierung, Implementierung und zum Austausch von modellbasierten Testspezifikationen auf Basis der UML [UML]. Der normative Teil der Spezifikation definiert das native UML-Profil des UTP1. Die Spezifikation des UTP als UML-Profil ist im Vergleich zu anderen Sprachen der UML-Familie [SysML, MARTE, SoaML] deutlich schlanker und kompakter, erfordert aber gleichzeitig profundes UML-Wissen, um die Potenziale von UTP voll ausschöpfen zu können. Ein Umstand, der die Akzeptanz des UTP bis heute behindert, da nur wenige Tester in den Konzepten der Modellierung im Allgemeinen ausreichend geschult und mit der UML im Besonderen vertraut sind. Dieser Artikel widmet sich daher neben einer kurzen Einführung in das UTP vor allem Fragen seiner Anwendbarkeit. Dabei stehen weniger spezifische Domänen, sondern eher grundsätzliche, testmodellspezifische Fragestellungen im Vordergrund.

As the Internet is developing over the next decade, context-aware computing will be one of the driving technologies. User generated context and machine generated context (e.g. by sensors or RFID chips) about the location, presence, or environment status etc. of persons or devices will be used for many different kinds of application services like telecommunication services, logistics, weather forecasts or for environment monitoring in general. To facilitate the development of such context-aware applications, effective and efficient systems that support the development of such services are needed. Otherwise the development of context-aware applications will lead to custom solutions that decrease development time and limit reusability. To avoid this, generic tools are needed that assist the developer to produce context-aware services, that are able to support different kind of context information and do not limit the way how context information can be conveyed by different signaling approaches. The aim of this thesis is to design and implement a generic framework for the development of context-aware server applications based on the event notification mechanism. The approach is to have a universal basis that handles the signaling and to have a flexible way to add business logic to process the content of the messages. By design the framework will not be limited to a certain messaging protocol, but will be extendible for implementing other messaging protocols. Developer of context-aware server applications will be able to decrease the development time by focusing on the imp lementation of the business logic and not considering about the message protocol handling. Applications will benefit from considering different context sources which will facilitate to create new context-aware services that bridge the gap between telecommunication and Internet services, machine-to-machine communication and the Internet of Things.

This doctorate thesis introduces a framework for information and communication technology resource federation. Resource federation in the context of this work is a concept for sharing and allowing access to heterogeneous resources across multiple administrative domains. Three design artifacts are delivered as the main research result: a federation model, a federation methodology, and a system instantiation. The artifacts abstract from the types of resources to be federated. Examples of resources include general-purpose physical and virtual machines, software packages and systems, as well as specialized proprietary devices. Resource capabilities are exposed in a service oriented manner and can be assembled in meaningful combinations and configurations to satisfy the service consumer's requirements. One of the potential user segments is the scientific community where resources are requested for running large scale research experiments that require a certain setup of heterogeneous resources. The benefit provided to users of the federation is the seamless access to a large collection of resources via unified interfaces. Resource providers benefit from an additional sales channel, increasing their average resource utilization, some sort of compensation for the provided services, and the access to additional user groups. A federation organization maintains relationships with all stakeholders and offers central services to ensure the overall operation.

Das Internet entwickelt sich derzeit zu einer Plattform für multimediale, hochauflösende Video- und Unterhaltungsdienste. Fernsehen über das Internetprotokoll, sog. Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), ist bereits heute Bestandteil vieler Internetpakete. Dies beinhaltet sowohl klassische lineare TV-Inhalte, als auch Video-on-Demand-Angebote, kombiniert mit ersten interaktiven Diensten. Die derzeit verfügbaren Angebote für IPTV unterscheiden sich kaum von klassischen Digital-TV-Angeboten, da diese derzeit nur bedingt von dem über das Internet verfügbaren Rückkanal für interaktive Dienste Gebrauch machen. Im Gegensatz hierzu entwickeln sich im Internet neue und innovative Dienste, die vornehmlich unter dem Stichwort Social Media zusammengefasst werden. Eine Verschmelzung beider Ansätze erfolgt derzeit nur zögerlich, wobei der Kombination von Bewegtbild, Interaktivität, Kommunikationsdiensten und Sozialen Medien eine erfolgversprechende Zukunft vorausgesagt wird. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt einen solchen kombinierten Ansatz, mit dem der Nutzer und der Dienstanbieter in die Lage versetzt werden, kombinierte Mediendienste zu nutzen und bereitzustellen, sowie mit Kommunikationsdiensten anzureichern und zu beeinflussen. Die technische Basis bilden hierbei Konzepte, abgeleitet von sog. Next-Generation-Networks (NGNs) zur Bereitstellung von multimedialen Diensten über das Internetprotokoll. Das sog. Session-Initiation-Protokoll (SIP) stellt die entsprechenden Funktionalitäten zur Kontrolle und Signalisierung der Dienste bereit. Das im Rahmen der Arbeit entwickelte Kernsystem S der sog. Open IPTV Ecosystem Core S besteht weiterhin aus einer integrierten Laufzeitumgebung für interaktive Dienste, die aus existierenden Ansätzen abgeleitet und zu einem neuen und innovativen System erweitert wird. Die hierbei entwickelte Architektur spezifiziert funktionale Komponenten, Schnittstellen und Protokolle, die den oben beschriebenen Konsum und die Erstellung von interaktiven Inhalten, sowie die Interaktion mit anderen Nutzern und Diensten erlauben. Des Weiteren erfolgt die exemplarische Entwicklung von neuen interaktiven Diensten, sowie deren Validierung durch mehrere Fallstudien. Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde im Rahmen der Tätigkeit des Autors als wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Fraunhofer Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme (FOKUS) erstellt. Die Ergebnisse wurden hierbei im Rahmen mehrerer internationaler Forschungsprojekte erarbeitet und publiziert. Die Projekte wurden durch Partner aus der Industrie bzw. der Europäischen Kommission gefördert. Des Weiteren flossen Ergebnisse in offene Standards für interaktives IPTV der ETSI und des Open IPTV Forums (OIPF) ein.

Die Modellierung von Systemverhalten anhand von Zustandsdiagrammen, beispielsweise anhand der Unified Modeling Language, zählt inzwischen zu den etablierten Vorgehensweisen bei der Erstellung von softwareintensiven Systemen. Um Softwarekomponenten mit einem gewünschten Verhalten herzustellen, wird innerhalb eines modellgetriebenen Arbeitsflusses üblicherweise mit Ansätzen zur Kodeerzeugung gearbeitet. Solch ein Ansatz ermöglicht zwar die Erzeugung eines effizienten Laufzeitystems, allerdings ist das Systemverhalten dann durch die Artefakte des Erzeugungsprozesses statisch festgelegt. Änderungen am Verhaltensmodell ziehen notwendigerweise eine erneute Erzeugung, Übersetzung und das wiederholte Aufspielen der Anwendung nach sich. Bei der Entwicklung autonomer Systeme gehen wir davon aus, dass Systeme ihr Verhalten zur Laufzeit an sich ändernde Umgebungsbedingungen anpassen können. Da statische Artefakte kaum, oder nur sehr schwer, zur Laufzeit geändert werden können, verbietet sich ein Einsatz von Kodeerzeugung für die Erstellung autonomer Systeme. In dieser Arbeit untersuchen wir einen Lösungsansatz für dieses Problem. Anstelle von statischer Kodeerzeugung verwenden wir Techniken der dynamischen Programminterpretation für die Ausführung von Verhaltensmodellen. Damit ermöglichen wir die Änderung von Verhaltensmodellen auf der Ebene einzelner Modellelemente zur Laufzeit. Wir erreichen dieses Ziel durch die Ausarbeitung grundlegender Konzepte der Interpretation von Verhaltensmodellen und demonstrieren anhand von Implementierungen die Machbarkeit des Ansat zes. Wir erachten es nicht als ausreichend nur die generelle Durchführbarkeit zu zeigen, da die Nützlichkeit des Ansatzes von dem beabsichtigten Anwendungszweck eines Systems abhängt. Die Begutachtung unseres Ansatzes erfolgt dabei sowohl durch quantitative als auch durch qualitative Methoden. Zur quantitativen Betrachtung führen wir einen eigens entworfenen Benchmark-Test ein, der den Vergleich der Laufzeitverhalten von erzeugtem und interpretiertem Kode ermöglicht. Die qualitative Begutachtung stützt sich auf Fallstudien aus den Bereichen der Netzwerk- und Systemverwaltung. Wir stellen fest, dass die Interpretation von Verhaltensmodellen zur Laufzeit etwa um einen Faktor 20 langsamer ist als die Verwendung von Kodeerzeugung. Im Kontext der Netzwerk- und Systemverwaltung ist das allerdings unerheblich, da die Ausführungsgeschwindigkeit ausreichend für typische Aufgaben in diesen Gebieten ist. Eine Ausnahme davon bilden Anwendungen, die mit einem sehr hohen Datendurchsatz arbeiten oder die anfällig für kleinste Verzögerungen beim Datentransport sind.

Over the last two decades, the number of healthcare services at the edge of the traditional medical care and computer technologies has increased dramatically, making eHealth infrastructure-related services ubiquitous. Services such as telemedicine, telehealth, Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems are common terms and practices in the actual medical-care sector. A main characteristic of Healthcare Information Systems (HISs) is that they are very data-intensive systems. In this respect, a major problem is the lack of product interoperability. Many vendors provide solutions, which are rather provider-centric approaches (i.e., proprietary protocols and message formats), hence, interoperability is not regarded. The interoperability can be evaluated by means of interoperability testing. The publication of standards such as the Health Level Seven Messaging Standard (HL7) for defining a common message-structuring scheme for message exchange between medical information systems, or the adoption of the Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) integration profiles for specifying use cases that implementers should follow, is an important step in enabling interoperable HISs. These standards and recommendations are the basis for interoperability testing. This thesis develops an interoperability testing methodology and its realisation concepts for coping with the aforementioned issues in HISs. The main problem addressed in this thesis is how to design a test system that can deal with very data-intensive systems and, at the same time, is capable of emulating the interacting parties. The challenge in this approach is how to automatically customise and configure the test platform to simulate an interoperability scenario by instantiating test components programmed in advance to simulate the behaviour of particular interacting entities as required by the test scenarios. The methodology consists of three main parts: 1) the test design process 2) the message event patterns which are used to derive test simulators and 3) the conceptual architecture for a test framework. The developed interoperability testing methodology is instantiated in a test framework based on the TTCN-3 test technology. An important component of the realization of the test system is based on the semantic mapping of HL7 version 2.x message structures to TTCN-3 message types that preserves the ontology. A set of derivation algorithms for providing TTCN-3 test behaviours and configurations completes the abstract definition of test scripts. The framework also provides means of communication with System under Test (SUT) and is capable to dynamically adapt to any test configuration as required by test scenarios. The effectiveness of the developed interoperability testing methodology is demonstrated throughout two case studies. The first case study investigates the interoperability of systems from the IHE Patient Care Devices (PCD) domain. The second applies the methodology to another domain, namely IHE IT Infrastructure (ITI). While the first case study realised within a research project shows the suitability of the developed methodology, the second case study demonstrates its feasibility directly in an industrial context.

The level of pervasiveness and complexity of software and computing systems has been growing continuously since their introduction. New technologies emerge at regular base, covering ever more aspects of our daily life and leading to shorter product delivery cycles. These ongoing trends are posing new challenges to traditional software testing approaches, because despite those constraints, software products are required to meet a certain level of quality prior to their deployment. Otherwise, confidence in new technologies and products could be harmed, potentially leading to their commercial failure. Therefore, tests have to be developed within harsher time constraints for increasingly complex systems. This thesis introduces a new approach of test development for reactive software systems combining model-driven engineering (MDE) of testcases and test design patterns, that addresses the previously mentioned challenges. The approach is labelled Pattern-Oriented Model-Driven Testing and provides a high potential for automation, through which the development of tests for software systems can significantly be improved, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The thesis presents a catalogue of test design patterns, along with a methodology for the proposed approach. The methodology is based on a new notation called Unified Test Modeling Language (UTML), specifically designed to support pattern-oriented model-driven testing. UTML is a Domain-Specific Modeling Language (DSML)for designing test objectives, test architectures, test data and test behaviour at a high level of abstraction, using predefined test design patterns. The result are so-called abstract test models, that can then be subsequently refined through a series of iterative transformation processes into executable test sequences, scripts or documentation artifacts. To illustrate the approach and to evaluate its impact on the testing process, several case studies from various application domains are discussed.

Dem Bereich des Traffic-Monitoring in IT- und Telekommunikations-Netzen kommt in der Forschung große Bedeutung zu, denn es spielt eine immer wichtigere Rolle bei der Entwicklung moderner Netze, die sich selbst konfigurieren und an Veränderungen in ihrer Nutzungsumgebung sowie an sich ändernde Bedingungen der Netzelemente anpassen können. Im Bereich der selbstverwaltenden IKT-Netze besteht Forschungsbedarf hinsichtlich des grundlegenden Entwurfs sowie der Funktionsprinzipien von Traffic-Monitoring-Komponenten und geeigneten Plattformen für multifunktionale selbstverwaltende IKT-Netze. In einem selbstverwaltenden IKT-Netz arbeiten die Netzelemente und Netz-Management-Systeme kooperativ zusammen, um selbstgesteuerte Prozesse wie Selbstkonfiguration und Selbstmanagement zu bewerkstelligen. Dies geschieht mit dem Ziel, den menschlichen Eingriff überflüssig und damit die Fehleranfälligkeit in einigen komplexeren Aspekten des Netzmanagements hinfällig zu machen bzw. zu minimieren. Im Gegensatz zu nicht selbstverwaltenden IKT-Netzen beanspruchen selbstverwaltende Netze eine höhere Rechnerleistung für die Berechnung von Entscheidungen, welche ein individuelles Netzelement oder das Netz als Ganzes in schwierigen Situationen oder bei Umgebungsveränderungen zu treffen hat. Dies geschieht auf der Basis großer, heterogener Datenmengen, die von den Monitoring-Komponenten gesammelt werden. In selbstverwaltenden Netzen findet unter Umständen ein höherer Informationsaustausch zwischen den Netzelementen (Routern, Hosts, Switches) statt als in nicht selbstverwaltenden Netzen. Um ein globales Selbstadaptionsverhalten des gesamten Netzes zu ermöglichen, müssen Informationen zwischen den Elementen und den Komponenten fließen, die die Daten für den globalen Netzstatus kumulieren, differenzierte Entscheidungen für das Netz berechnen und Monitoring-Informationen an die Netzelemente übermitteln. Es wird eine höhere Speicherkapazität als in nicht selbstverwaltenden Netzen benötigt, um die Statusinformationen des Netzes einschließlich historischer Statusinformationen zu speichern. Deshalb benötigen sie die intelligente und opportunistische Verwendung und Freigabe der verfügbaren Ressourcen der einzelnen Netzelemente wie auch des gesamten Netzes. Auch Flexibilität in Bezug auf die umgebungsabhängige Selbstadaptation der Netz-Funktionen wird erwartet. Um die intelligente und opportunistische Verwendung und Freigabe von Netzressourcen sowie die Selbstadaptation von Netz-Funktionen zu gewährleisten, wird vorgeschlagen, die Netzelemente in ihrem Funktionsablauf so zu konzipieren, dass sie unter anderem den bedarfsorientieren Abruf von Monitoring-Funktionen ermöglichen. Die Dissertation stellt ein bedarfsgesteuertes (on-demand) Monitoring-Paradigma (ODM) vor, dessen Eignung für die dynamische Informationserfassung in selbstverwaltenden Netzen untersucht und demonstriert wird. ODM berücksichtigt die Notwendigkeit, Netzressourcen im gesamten Netz intelligent und opportunistisch einzusetzen, wie auch die, dass Monitoring-Komponenten in der Lage sein müssen, ihre Monitoring-Fähigkeit im Netz selbst zu beschreiben. Die Fähigkeit der Selbstbeschreibung ermöglicht es, dass automatische Tasks eine Monitoring-Komponente mit den gewünschten Kapazitäten bedarfsgesteuert ansteuern, einen Monitoring-Prozess auslösen, die Durchführung dieser Prozesse steuern; Ressourcen der angesteuerten Komponente freigeben, wenn das Monitoring nicht mehr benötigt ist. Die in der Dissertation entwickelten Ergebnisse umfassen: eine mathematische Basis für ODM; Entwurf und Funktionsprinzipien des ODM-Paradigmas; Prinzipien, die einer Komponente Selbstbeschreibungsfähigkeit in Bezug auf Funktionsvermögen und Netzanbindung zuweisen, um so Netz-Funktionen zu ermöglichen, die ein Monitoring an gewünschten Komponenten ermöglichen; eine Sprache zur Beschreibung des Funktionsvermögens; eine Sprache zur Beschreibung des erwünschten Monitoring-Verhaltens; das Konzept des SNMPMIBs für dynamische Monitoring-Datenmodelle; eine Zugriffskontrolle für Monitoring-Anfragen und eine Realisierung des ODM-Paradigmas im Rahmen des GANA-Referenzmodells (Generic Autonomic Network Architecture). Ein ODM-Prototyp dient als Nachweis des grundlegenden Konzepts. Zudem wurden ODM-Metriken berechnet. Dazu wurde eine Methodologie zur Verwendung von Schätzungen zur Ressourcenanforderung hinsichtlich des Warteschlangenverhaltens und der Bearbeitung von Monitoring-Anfragen sowie zur Optimierung der Zulassungskontrolle einer ODM-Komponente entwickelt. Es wurden Beispiele für Netz-Funktionen entwickelt, die den Einsatz und die Anwendbarkeit von ODM demonstrieren. Es werden Vorschläge zur intelligenten und opportunistischen Verwendung von Ressourcen bei ODM-fähigen Traffic-Monitoring-Komponenten erarbeitet. Die Berechnungen und Fallbeispiele mit bedarfsgesteuerten SNMP MIBs verdeutlichen, dass ODM implementierbar und praxistauglich ist.

Die Informationstechnologie (IT) der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte war durch eine zunehmende Entwicklung weg von eigenständigen hin zu vernetzten IT-Systemen geprägt. Vor diesem Hintergrund ergibt sich die Herausforderung, Interoperabilität möglichst effektiv und effizient zu erreichen, um nahtlose Geschäftsprozesse innerhalb und über Organisationsgrenzen hinweg zu ermöglichen. Interoperabilität kann dabei entlang von drei Dimensionen verstanden werden: technische, semantische und organisatorische Interoperabilität. Während das Konzept der Service-orientierten Architekturen (SOA) und weit etablierte Web Service-Standards in den letzten Jahren wesentlich zum Erreichen von technischer Interoperabilität beigetragen haben, ist die semantische Integration in heterogenen verteilten Umgebungen weiterhin schwierig und kostenintensiv. Für den bedeutungskonsistenten Datenaustausch zwischen IT-Systemen haben sich explizite formale Informationsmodelle in Form von Ontologien als erfolgversprechendes Konzept in akademischen und ersten industriellen Bereichen herausgestellt. Allerdings hat sich gezeigt, dass der dominierende Ansatz basierend auf einer umfassenden gemeinsam zu nutzenden Ontologie als standardisiertes Informationsmodell in organisationsübergreifenden Szenarien nur begrenzt praktikabel ist. Organisatorische Grenzen mit Hinsicht auf Konsensfähigkeit und die Komplexität, die aus unterschiedlichen domänenspezifischen Anforderungen hervorgeht, erfordern eine Koexistenz von unabhängig zu verwaltenden jedoch semantisch interoperablen Informationsmodellen. Um dieser Herausforderung zu begegnen, ist der Leitgedanke der vorliegenden Arbeit, das Prinzip der losen Kopplung auf die semantische Ebene zu übertragen. Dabei verfolgt die Arbeit das Ziel, einen Beitrag zur Verringerung der Komplexität bei der semantischen System-integration zu leisten. Im Zentrum steht die Entwicklung eines effektiven und effizienten Ansatzes für die semantische Interoperabilität in groß angelegten SOA-Landschaften mittels semantischer Mediation zwischen lose gekoppelten Informationsmodellen. Darüber hinaus zeigt die Arbeit, wie neuartige semantische Technologien verwendet werden können, um das entworfene Konzept zu instanziieren. Die wichtigsten Beiträge dieser Arbeit sind: Ein konzeptioneller Rahmen der semantischen Interoperabilität in SOA, der abgebildet wird auf einen Überblick existierender akademischer und industrieller Ansätze, mit dem Ziel Handlungsfelder und Entwicklungsbedarfe aufzuzeigen. Ein Konzept der semantischen Mediation zwischen lose gekoppelten Informationsmodellen in SOA als Entwurfsmuster für Informationsarchitekturen. Es beinhaltet eine Spezifikation auf Basis von wesentlichen Merkmalen des Prinzips der losen Kopplung wie Autonomie, flexible Bindung und Kapselung. Ein semantischer Mediationsmechanismus basierend auf regelbasierten semantischen Brücken und unabhängiger Ontologien unter Nutzung von Eigenschaften wie Poly-morphismus, Facetten-basierte Klassifizierung und deklarativer Entitätenmanipulation. Ein Machbarkeitsnachweis auf Basis einer Methodik und prototypischer Werkzeuge zur semantischen Mediation, welche das entwickelte Konzept auf den SOA-Lebenszyklus abbilden und instanziieren mit dem Fokus auf der Geschäftsprozessmodellierung, der Servicekomposition und der laufzeitorientierten Prozessausführung. Der entwickelte Ansatz wird anhand einer Fallstudie einer beispielhaften verteilten Organisation evaluiert. Es wird gezeigt, wie der Ansatz in der Praxis angewendet werden kann und welche Vorteile sich daraus für die effektive und effiziente Erreichung der semantischen Interoperabilität in groß angelegten SOA-Landschaften ergeben.

The software development landscape is changing incessantly towards Web-driven practices and open technologies. The resulting applications offer an ubiquitous access to a variety of services easing diverse tasks of everyday life in business and private. Web browsers have experienced an evolutionary development supporting this service perception. On the one hand browsers are continuously enhanced with novel features exposing rich media capabilities and client hardware resources to the Web applications. On the other hand they take duties previously performed at server-side and bearing increasingly the responsibility for the proper computation and presentation of dynamic and rich content. Recently, an application development paradigm, called mashup, has emerged and in- tents to accelerate the realization of Web applications by the reutilization of services, data and code from different sources. Moreover, mashups provide often a completely new service or better insights by the dense integration of information and functionality. The wide range of available services, their perception in steadily enriched browsing environments and the way services are incorporated in mashups is faced a out-dated Web browser security model which was not designed to secure a multi-origin execution platform. Web developers are often forced to decide between functionality and security jeopardizing user data privacy and integrity of the utilized services. This struggle and the raised reuse of user generated content led to an increased number of attacks against Web based offerings in the recent years, often exploiting disclosed vulnerabilities like cross site scripting and cross site request forgery. While enabling a safer mashup execution in Web browsers it was considered neither to require massive changes to the code bases of client-side applications nor to introduce new abstractions or primitives which are not compatible with legacy Web applications and established development practices. Therefore, one of the primary design goals envisioned by this work is to provide a security layer which is decoupled from the application logic and unobtrusive to the development process. In the scope of the thesis a client-side access control framework based on a policy concept was proposed which allows to specify the access behavior on assets which are worthy of protection in a fine-grained manne r. A prototypical realization shows that a small and localized modification of the browsing environment paired with automated, declarative and directly enforceable policies can help to overcome the design flaws in current Web browsers regarding the execution of applications comprising components stemming from different origins.

This document describes the main concepts dedicated to model-based security testing used by the different project partners. It can be considered as a progress report of the work done of each partner to develop its testing approach.

Das Dokument gibt eine erste Übersicht über den Ansatz zum Aufbau des BEST-SELECT Demonstrators. Der Demonstrator wird auf dem Information-Management-System CCDS basieren und im FUSECO Playground implementiert, einem Berliner Testbed für drahtlose Breitband-Kommunikationssysteme, das auch einen Zugang zum OpenEPC bietet. Damit können die BEST-SELECT-Konzepte in einem realistischen Demonstrator gezeigt und evaluiert werden. Dieses Dokument beschreibt die einzelnen Grundlagen, auf denen der BEST-SELECT-Demonstrator entwickelt wird, die Demonstrationsszenarien und erste Ansätze zur Implementierung des Demonstrators.

Building on the technical parameters and use cases identified in D1.1, this document identifies and overviews distinct business roles, actors and relationships relevant to CONSERN. It also gives a contextual overview of current market, industry, policy, and technology trends (relevant to CONSERN) and translates these into inputs for high-level impact assessment of CONSERN. This deliverable describes the current status of the standardization, dissemination, and exploitation activities undertaken in CONSERN. Along with providing the status update, the deliverable summarizes the inputs and directions to a range of standardization bodies, and also outlines the future directions of these efforts.

This deliverable covers energy awareness mechanisms from a system-level perspective. It explores four techniques: Petri-net models for energy simulation, system idle time estimation, non-intrusive aggregation algorithms and a real world testbed for measuring sensor battery discharge characteristics. All techniques report on the scope for energy optimisation.

This Deliverable, D4.2, on 'Distributed Self-Growing Architecture and Interface Description' provides a proposal for a CONSERN self-growing architecture and describes its components and interfaces on a high-level. The architecture builds on the requirements that were derived in the earlier deliverables D1.1 and D4.1 and will be used and refined in future CONSERN research.

This Deliverable, D4.3, on "Formalisation of self-growing strategies, policies and algorithms" specifies the different mechanisms that constitute self-growing, with emphasis on specific mechanisms that are necessary for proof-of-concept of self-growing. It identifies the requirements towards self-growing from the full list of technical requirements of CONSERN, and prioritizes those that are necessary for a proof-of-concept. It elaborates on the relevant mechanisms that are implemented and/or studied within all the Work-Packages of CONSERN. And it verifies that all the requirements for proof-of-concept of self-growing are covered within CONSERN.

This document builds on the Use Cases derived in Deliverable 5.1, presents the relationship to the identified Business Scenarios, develops an integrated Proof-of-Concept Architecture, describes the development of hardware/software platform components and details the final integration effort. In particular, in the context of this document, the Proof-of-Concept environment is built in correspondence with the three CONSERN demonstration story lines as identified in D5.1, namely Large-Scale Wi-Fi Mesh Network Environment, In-Home/Office Congestion Resolution and Emergency Situation. The various components of the CONSERN Proof-of-Concept Architecture are instantiated by the actually available hardware components whilst the final setup for showcasing the three key CONSERN demonstration story lin es is presented. This document, therefore, provides a detailed overview on the final Proof-of-Concept environment as it will be used throughout the CONSERN project as well as the demonstration scenarios.

Das Projekt "Autonomic Home Networking" (AutHoNe) ist ein internationales Vorhaben, welches innerhalb eines europäischen Projektrahmens durch eine CELTIC-Initiative entstanden ist und durch die nationalen Träger gefördert wurde (BMBF in Deutschland). Das europäische AutHoNe Konsortium setzt sich aus neun Partnern unter Beteiligung europäischer Industrieunternehmen und Forschungsorganisationen aus drei europäischen Ländern zusammen, wovon vier Partner aus Deutschland kommen. Das Hauptziel des deutschen Teilprojektes AutHoNe-DE innerhalb der europäischen Gesamtinitiative war die Entwicklung einer innovativen Architektur für die Kommunikation und Vernetzung verschiedener Komponenten, primär im Heim- bzw. Gebäude-Bereich. Hierzu zählen beispielsweise Aktuatoren, Sensoren, Netzw erkknoten sowie verschiedene Endgeräte die aus verschiedenen Anwendungsdomänen im häuslichen Umfeld stammen. Hierbei sollen die unterschiedlichen Geräte und Komponenten in einer möglichst autonomen Heiminfrastruktur miteinander interagieren können. Dafür wurden unterschiedliche Netzwerktechnologien integriert und eine autonome sich selbst organisierende Infrastruktur wurde im Projekt realisiert. Das Fraunhofer Institut FOKUS hat hierbei als Teil des deutschen Konsortiums das Teilvorhaben Kommunikationsplattform und Middleware bearbeitet mit den Schwerpunktthemen: autonome Architektur und Dienste-Plattform, Integration und Repräsentation drahtloser Sensor- und Aktuatornetze sowie die Entwicklung von Gateway-Komponenten, Benutzerschnittstellen und Management-Tools. Der vorliegende Schlussbericht beschreibt die wesentlichen Ergebnisse, den Ablauf des Projektes sowie einige technische Details und gibt einen Ausblick über mögliche Weiterentwicklungen im Themengebiet.

The DIAMONDS project focuses on model-based security testing of networked systems to validate their dependability in face of malice, attack, error or mishap. Testing is the main method to reliably check the functionality, robustness, performance, scalability, reliability and resilience of systems as it is the only method to derive objectively characteristics of a system in its target environment. In this document we discuss the state-of-the art in security testing tools.

DIAMONDS considers the particular issue of security testing of networked systems to validate the dependability of networked systems in face of malice, attack, error or mischance. Testing is still the main method to reliably check the functionality, robustness, performance, scalability, reliability and resilience of systems as it is the only method to derive objectively characteristics of a system in its target environment. A number of approaches have long been around to target specific attacks on systems (e.g. vulnerability scanners), but when we refer here to the more systematic testing of systems with respect to specified policies or security properties, testing a system for its security is a relatively new concern that has started to be addressed in the last few years. This document reviews the state-of-the-arts methods used in security testing.

This document constitutes the first deliverable of work package 4 of the DIAMONDS project. Whereas the other work packages focus on techniques (work package 2) and tools (work package 3), work package 4 focuses on methodology, i.e. processes and guidelines for how to apply the techniques and tools in practice. The deliverable addresses two main research areas: model-based security testing and risk-based security testing. The first topic is related to task 4.2 of work package 4, and is documented in Section 2. The second topic is related to task 4.3 of work package 4 and documented in Section 3.

We witness an ongoing intensive research towards the specification and implementation of autonomic behaviors for the Future Internet. Important issues that need to be addressed in that context are related to diverse security aspects of the emerging autonomic network technologies. In this paper, we present our research on security in autonomic networks based on the GANA reference model. We present a number of concepts and show how security can be addressed on the architectural level in an autonomic network.

When considering autonomic networking, where multiple self-* functionalities, in terms of node-wide or network-wide control loops, must operate, interact and proficiently collaborate, stability problems inherently arise due to the distributed nature of the decision making process and autonomic nodes interactions towards enabling various self-* functionalities, along with the stochastic nature of the networking environment. This article provides a systematic, concrete view of stability in autonomic networks design. It aims at identifying and categorizing fundamental autonomic networks' architectural and designing issues that cause or affect stability, highlighting and discussing corresponding solutions and thus, providing theoretic tools for analyzing and treating them. As a reference model we adopt Generic Autonomic Network Architecture (GANA), a holistic framework for autonomic networks engineering.

A framework for lowering the borders of service delivery and service composition in telecommunication networks is proposed in this work. In our opinion such an agile framework is needed for two main reasons. At first the cycle of introducing new services in the telecommunication industry usually takes several months, while the general cycles in the Web domain are much faster. Besides, customers want to use a flexible amount of services from different kinds of sources (e.g. Google, Facebook). The proposed agile service environment is intended to interact with services of the traditional telecommunication industry and is enabling the third party development process to support services coming from all kind of domains. Service platforms for Next Generation Networks adapting the principles of Service Oriented Architectures and the initial steps in the standardization towards service delivery frameworks are done. Special requirements that have to be considered are aspects of servicelife-cycle management and service composition that are critical regarding high performing real-time communication processes as needed in a telecommunications environment. Beyond the requirements of dynamic service deployment, management, evolution and service termination there is the intention of a well performing agile service composition mechanism. In order to fulfill the discussed requirements some related work in this area is presented and the promising IT / Network standards are enlightened. Furthermore, the architectural design of the developed framework is presented. Finally the paper demonstrates a practical use case scenario that shows the dynamic integration and combination of telecommunication services with services of the Web domain.

The need to count on critical systems is growing day by day. Together with traditional domains such as medical devices, automotive, railway, aeronautical, space and telecommunications, new applications and services are coming up every day. Terms such as ubiquitous, pervasive, or autonomic computing, products under the general umbrella of smart devices or the use of large wireless sensors networks indicate a clear trend in the increase of application complexity and dependency. The dependency of daily life on computers and computer based systems is growing up at a high rate, and testing is gaining importance at the same rate.

The Carneades software system provides support for constructing, evaluating and visualizing arguments, using formal representations of facts, concepts, defeasible rules and argumentation schemes. This paper illustrates features of Carneades with a prototype legal application for analyzing open source software license compatibility issues in particular cases. The Carneades system provides a unique combination of features that make to our knowledge applications of this kind possible for the first time.

In this work a new Universal Communications Framework (UCF) is defined, based on IMS concepts and on EPC technologies. The UCF extends the IMS concepts to a generic middleware solution that intermediates between underlying network infrastructure and various application functions by offering generalized service APIs. One use case scenario to demonstrate the overall system is the integration of non human-interacting services like mobile Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication in the emerging Internet of Things (IoT). Furthermore, the framework is focused on non human-interacting services like mobile Machine-to-Machine communication enabled with dedicated application-driven Quality of Service (QoS).

The proposed system makes video content an interactive experience and gives the viewer the opportunity to interact with objects that are part of the video and access supplemental information. On demand, multimedia content is linked with related information. Interactive, time independent navigation opens new ways to experience and share video content and TV impressions.

Non-planar screens, such as columns, have been a popular means for displaying information for a long time. In con-trast to traditional displays their digital counterparts are mainly flat and rectangular due to current technological constraints. However, we envision bendable displays to be available in the future, which will allow for creating new forms of displays with new properties. In this paper we ex-plore cylindrical displays as a possible form of such novel public displays. We present a prototype and report on a user study, comparing the influence of the display shape on user behavior and user experience between flat and cylindrical displays. The results indicate that people move more in the vicinity of cylindrical displays and that there is no longer a default position when it comes to interaction. As a result, such displays are especially suitable to keep people in motion and to support gesture-like interaction.

The domain of Autonomics and Self-Managing networks come with a number of self-* features, such as auto-discovery and autoconfiguration to name a few. In this paper, we provide a novel approach to auto-discover and auto/self-configure routers for OSPF routing in an autonomic network. We present the enablers for realizing these self-* functionalities. This includes a framework for describing the network policies, objectives and router conguration, models to be followed by a node/device implementation when self-describing the capabilities of a node and tokens for enforcing security and access control during the auto-discovery and auto-configuration processes of a node. We also present the algorithms that the various entities should employ for realizing these self-* features in their auto nomic networks.

Advanced methods and tools for GUI software development allow a rapid and iterative process of prototyping and usability testing. Unfortunately, even with the support of test automation tools, testing of GUI software requires a lot of manual work, especially when the application under test is changing rapidly. In this paper we present an improved method and tool support for automated test modeling of Java GUI applications for model-based testing (MBT) purposes. The implemented GUI Driver tool generates structural models combined with a GUI state model presenting the behavior of the GUI application that is executed and observed automatically. The GUI Driver tool is combined with an open source MBT tool to form a tool chain to support automated testing of Java GUI applications. The models generated by the GUI Driver are used to generate test sequences with MBT tool, and the test sequences are then executed with the GUI Driver to generate a test report.

This paper presents the final architecture for Cognitive Future Internet Element Management and in-network Dynamic Protocol Composition, as well as the results and insights gained by an prototype implementation and experiments performed. The high complexity of today's network infrastructures and the demand for reliable and robust but inexpensive networks stimulated research on evolving networks to become more autonomous and therefore reducing the need for human intervention. The presented approach is based on integrating a Monitoring, Decision-Making, and Execution (MDE) cycle into the situation aware Network Element Cognitive Manager (NECM). Accepting that the end-to-end paradigm does not hold for all mechanisms, we enable the NECM to control in-network functionality. For the prototype the NECM is complemented by the Dynamic Protocol Composition Framework (DPCF) which allows to control and execute arbitrary protocol functionality in intermediate nodes. For the experiments we considered a wireless mesh backhaul network which is likely to suffer from packet loss depending on external conditions like weather, reflections on moving objects etc. We could show that packet loss or overload have been recognized and appropriate actions have been taken. The analysis of the experiments showed that the different phases of the M-D-E cyle differ in time consumption by several orders of magnitude which requires architectures for cognitive network management to be designed to align the different processes to achieve optimal results

The Carneades software system provides support for constructing, evaluating and visualizing arguments, using formal representations of facts, concepts, defeasible rules and argumentation schemes. This paper illustrates how rules and ontologies can be combined in Carneades with a prototype legal application for analyzing open source software license compatibility issues in particular cases.

A key challenge during the development of Web applications on top of multiple heterogeneous devices is to discover and get access to device-specific resources. This paper shows an architecture which enables and virtualizes the resources of user devices whereupon the device-owner controls the access to his resources with a user-configurable rule-based system. User resources are mapped to a RESTful API, so that Web applications can easily use them. In doing so, the communication protocols or API's used by the underlying resource are completely hidden from the user of the RESTful API. This increases the interoperability for a looser coupling between the parts of distributed devices, because the user can replace resources with new ones without an update of the Web applications, which use these resources. This facilitates the creation of mashups, which combine traditional Web 2.0 services with user resources. Users control the access to their resources with a user-configurable rule-system.

Meshed wireless back-haul networks are seen as an aord- able technology to bring Internet connectivity into rural and previously unconnected regions. To date, the main focus is to provide access to classical services such as the WWW or email. Access to such services requires the users to use a personal computer or a recent smart phone. Especially in developing regions, the prevailing end user device is a mobile phone. In order to connect mobile phones to an IP-based back-haul network, the network access points must provide a mobile phone air interface which is usually based on GSM or UMTS. In order to avoid dependence on a costly 3GPP infrastructure, we propose to deploy GSM or 3GPP nano cells in order to terminate the mobile phone protocols immediately at the mesh access points . Hence, the voice or data traffic can be carried over IP-based networks using open protocols such as SIP and RTP. In this paper we present a meshed wireless back-haul network with access points that have been equipped with GSM nano-cells. The voice traffic generated by the mobile phones is carried across the mesh in parallel to typical web or video trac. In this paper we evaluate the QoS handling received by the voice calls across our multi-hop wireless testbed and show that our architecture can provide the resource isolation required to oer uninterrupted VoIP services in parallel to typical Internet traffic.

Rural areas especially in emerging countries often lack affordable broadband Internet connectivity. This `digital divide' limits the access to knowledge, government services or health care. The major limiting factors are seen in the CAPEX and especially the OPEX related to traditional wireless carrier equipment, its relatively large energy footprint, the vast and sparsely populated areas and the low revenues to be collected. Since in many rural regions access to a power grid may not be available or highly instable, ensuring a 24/7 operation of a cell site is a very costly task. To address these issues we have developed a carrier-grade heterogeneous multi-radio back-haul architecture which may be deployed as an alternative to traditional operator equipment. As integral part of Detecon's Peo pleConnect eKiosk business model, Fraunhofer FOKUS' Wireless Back-Haul (WiBACK) network technology provides punctual wireless back-haul connectivity while building on cost-effective and low-power equipment. In this paper we present a pilot scenario in Maseru, Lesotho, where an entrepreneur starts out with three WiBACK-connected eKiosk sites with the goal of providing broadband Internet access to incrementally larger parts of Maseru over time.

In this article a constraint-based modeling of clinical pathways, in particular of surgical pathways, is introduced and used for an optimized scheduling of their tasks. The addressed optimization criteria are based on practical experiences in the area of Constraint Programming applications in medical work flow management. Objective functions having empirical evidence for their adequacy in the considered use cases are formally presented. It is shown how they are respected while scheduling clinical pathways.

The embedded systems market and especially the software part of it is growing drastically in automotive industry. Today we see that the value of software or functionality that is realized using software within cars is about 35% of the value of the car itself. We have typically more than 70 embedded control units (ECUs) in a car with functionality realized and controlled by software. The standardization of communication interfaces and operating system functionality as for example realized by AUTOSAR facilitates the distributed development of software. But the needs to produce software in time and in budget remain still a main task in automotive software industry. To cope with tight project plans, process models based on product line technology promise a good chance to be successful. Nevertheless, the need to control the product development remains still one of the most important questions in this area. The work presented here gives some new insights into the definition and application of measures with special emphasis on the variability aspects used within a product line development. Several known techniques as for example atomic sets or formal variability analysis are revisited and used within the context of variability metrics. The measures are categorized and can be used within a project to control and manage the defined variability.

Smart media is an approach, which makes video content an interactive experience. Smart media gives the viewer the opportunity to interact with objects that are part of the video and access supplemental information. On demand, multimedia content is linked with related information. Interactive, time independent navigation opens a new ways to experience video content. This approach shows how such an system could be built upon IPTV and web technology in a cross platform manner.

In order to develop and validate network protocols and architectures, proper tools are required to validate the design and to analyze the various aspects of the architecture or its components. This is typically addressed by measurements using real hardware, via simulations or emulations or by using a combination thereof. In this paper we present our development framework to implement and validate our WiBACK architecture. Our key focus is to implement the architecture on real embedded hardware. But, in order to validate protocols or to analyze possible scalability issues, larger scenarios must be considered while validating the same source code implementation. Our approach combines real hardware radio interfaces with emulated wireless interfaces in real-time and thus allows us to use well-known measurement tools to inject and analyze network traffic pattern or protocols. We will discuss our decision, describe the framework, present results and discuss experiences gained by using our NetEMU-based framework as a basis for multiple larger, i.e. EU, projects.

With the increasing deployment of autonomous machine type devices which highly surpass in number the devices directly controlled by humans, the wireless environment should support efficiently and in a scalable manner the Machine-2-Machine (M2M) type of communication enabling new services and business opportunities. However, the current mobile network architecture is designed for human interaction, missing the optimization which can be derived from the basic characteristics of the machine type communication. This article introduces the concept of device connectivity management as a core network means for indicating governing policies to the wireless connected devices on when and how to communicate in order to be able to deliver the machine services in an efficient manner in regard to core network available capabilities and to service requirements. Also it includes the execution means in the wireless device for handling these policies. Furthermore, the concept is exemplif ied asan addition to the current 3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture and to the Fraunhofer OpenEPC testbed.

This paper discusses some of the key points related to Standardization that need to be noted and discussed in the wide ICT community, to help understand the implication and impact of emerging and future network technologies on the various stakeholders of the global ICT ecosystems. The implication of emerging and future network technologies is that it is now the time to involve every key stakeholder in shaping, reviewing and contributing to the evolution of standards as well as the processes involved in making standards. The success to attaining quality and stability of emerging and future standards hinges on the engagements of the various key stakeholders and roles discussed in this paper. This paper is aimed at helping various stakeholders identify where they fit in the changing landscape of standardization, and promoting further discussions and debates along the topic, since the necessary discussions are not taking place at the pace expected by the global ICT community. We look at the key aspects requiring continued discussions and consideration so as to help accelerate standards development processes and adoption of standards, to help facilitate innovation and new technologies that dramatically bring about changes to the global economy and improve the lives of citizens across the globe. Therefore, it is very important to understand that Future Network Research directions must be aligned with newly launched activities in standardization of emerging and future network technologies.

The exchange of electronic documents between organizations, administrations and citizens is of growing relevance. Connected to this, the interoperability of office application documents is of essential interest. Even though the introduction of open standards in the field of office application fundamentally increased the degree of compatibility, interoperability issues still exist. As a result of this, the idea of the utilization of interoperability profiles emerged in relating OASIS and ISO committees. This paper proposes a feature driven but widely format independent approach for the profiling of office document standards that can magnificently simplify the definition of domain specific profiles.

Abstract: In verteilten, modularen Systemen werden einzelne Komponenten autonomer und damit die Konfiguration (d.h. die Programmierung) komplexer. Modellierungstechniken wie UML sind zu allgemein und behindern dadurch die Qualit¨atssicherung. Abhilfe schaffen hierbei domänenspezifische Sprachen (DSL) mit einem eingeschränktem Sprachumfang, die speziell einem Bedarf angepasst sind(domänenspezifisch und abstrakt). Es werden Beispiele von DSL in Systemen, die Prinzipien der DSL-Erzeugung durch Meta-Werkzeuge und die Verwendung in der modellgetriebenen Entwicklung dargestellt.

This paper presents initial work towards an architecture suitable for purpose-driven, self-growing networking as realized by distributed cognitive decision engines within the network. Starting from describing basic modules enabling for self-growing, the paper derives a logical architecture for realizing the concept at various network levels. Mapping results to the UMTS stratum model shows potential for immediate applicability of the concept to deployed networks.

This paper describes the evolution of our method Encoplot for automatic plagiarism detection and the results of the participation to the PAN'11competition. The main novelties are the introduction of a new similarity measure and of a new ranking method, which cooperate to rank much better the source suspicious document pairs when selecting the candidates for the detailed analysis phase. We have obtained excellent results in the competition, ranking 1st on the manually paraphrased cases, 2nd overall in the external plagiarism detection task,and getting the best recall on the non-translated corpus.

Iterative prototyping process in the development of graphical user interface (GUI) software is a considerable challenge for test automation. The maintenance work required for updating the test suites because of the constant changes in the GUI decreases the benefits gained from test automation and a large part of GUI software is still tested manually. In this paper we present a method and tool support for automatically creating and iteratively enhancing models of Java GUI applications, using the models for test case generation and automatically executing the generated test cases. During the first step the GUI Driver tool generates models presenting the state and behavior of the GUI application that is executed and observed automatically. Then the user can provide valid test data for the input fields of the GUI application and the GUI Driver tool uses the information to automatically enhance the generated GUI models. The enhanced models can be used for model-based testing (MBT) purposes.

Enterprise Mashups usually comprise services from different service domains that often differ vastly from each other regarding their protocols, data or programming models. This fact poses a challenge especially for non-professional developers who want to quickly create a complex service composition because they are required to know the technical details of the involved service domains in order to use them in their composite application. In this paper we describe an extensible framework that allows for enhanced interoperability of arbitrary service types by introducing a unified way to interact with disparate Web services and an intuitive model for handling heterogeneous data types within a composition. Our framework forms the basis for building extensive tool support for end-users that allows easy creation of Mashups with diversified services, collaboration with other users and distributed execution of a service composition.

This paper examines the impact of essential patents on standardization. In particular, we analyze the influence of patents on the rate of standard replacement. We investigate whether essential patents contribute to a "lock in" of outdated standards, or rather encourage investment and increase the pace of standardization. Building upon a comprehensive dataset of over 6.000 different standards and nearly 20.000 standard versions in the field of ICT, we evidence essential patents to reduce the likelihood of standard replacement in early stages. This effect takes place in the first three years after the standard is issued. On the other hand, declarations of essential patents increase the likelihood of version replacement. We argue that these version upgrades do not entail replacement of standard components. The effect on versions reflects an increase in the firms' investment in standardization, while the reduced rate of standard replacement in early years reflects a stabili zingeffect of patents on standardization.

IaaS clouds have become a promising platform for scalable distributed systems in recent years. However, while the virtualization techniques of such clouds are key to the cloud's elasticity, they also result in a reduced and less predictable I/O performance compared to traditional HPC setups. Besides the regular performance degradation of virtualized I/O itself, it is also the potential loss of I/O bandwidth through co-located virtual machines that imposes considerable obstacles for porting data-intensive applications to that platform. In this paper we examine adaptive compression schemes as a means to mitigate the negative effects of shared I/O in IaaS clouds. We discuss the decision models of existing schemes and analyze their applicability in virtualized environments. Based on an evaluation using XEN, KVM, and Amazon EC2, we found that most decision metrics (like CPU utilization and I/O bandwidth) are displayed inaccurately inside virtual machines and can lead to unreasonable levels of compression. As a remedy, we present a new adaptive compression scheme for virtualized environments which solely considers the application data rate. Without requiring any calibration or training phase our adaptive compression scheme can improve the I/O throughput of virtual machines significantly as shown through experimental evaluation.

With the deployment of novel wireless broadband technologies such as LTE and LTE-Advanced, new types of devices will be able to communicate remotely such as sensors and actuators, enabling the deployment of new services and applications generically named Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication. However, the current core network architectures are designed only for Human-to-Human communication, lacking the fundamental support for the machine type communication patterns for functions like mobility and resource management, charging control etc. This article introduces a novel solution for mitigating with the basic support for resource management for M2M through wireless device based customization and grouping and introduction of cached based resource reservation and event notification mechanisms. Furthermore, the concept is exemplified on the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture and evaluated as a testbed realization based on the Fraunhofer OpenEPC testbed.

Abstract: This half day workshop will provide an overview of the Packet Core Network evolution starting with the introduction of global fixed and mobile next generationnetwork standards and outlining its evolution in regard to the emerging Future Internet, which is driven by international research programmes, such as GENI in the US, FIRE in Europe and Akari in Japan. The main focus will be on the network and service control options and optimization within the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core (EPC) forming today the common packet core architecture for various broadband access networks, including LTE and WiMAX. The tutorial will outline the EPC architecture and address potential EPC application domains, including IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) based VoIP as well as internet over the top service architectures with their own service layer control capabilities. Starting from here the tutorial looks at the emerging Future Internet, comprising different research views, such as the internet of things, the internet of services, and the network of the future. Here we introduce the current visions and research topics related to cross-layer functional composition and network virtualisation. The tutorial terminates with outlining how FI concepts could be exploited in NGN/EPC evolution and introducing related software toolkits and experimental platforms of TU Berlin / Fraunhofer FOKUS, namely the OpenEPC (www.openepc.net) and the FUSECO-Playground (www.fuseco-playground.org) enabling comprehensive prototyping in the context of academic and industry research.

In safety-critical applications, the real-time behavior is crucial for the correctness of the overall system and must be tested thoroughly. However, the generation of test traces that cover most or all of the desired behavior of a real-time system is a difficult challenge. In this paper, we present an evolutionary algorithm that generates timed test traces, which achieve a given transition coverage. We generate these traces from a timed automata model. Our main contribution is a novel approach to encode timed test traces as individuals of an evolutionary algorithm. The major difficulty in doing so is that test traces for embedded real-time systems have to be very long. To solve this problem, we introduce the notion of blocks, which simplify long traces by cutting them into pieces. With that, we reduce the search space significantly. Furthermore, we have implemented crossover and mutation operators and a fitness function that takes time-dependent behavior implicitly into account.We show the success of our approach by experimental results from an anti-lock braking system.

In complex technologies, IPR is owned among several firms and technical innovation often overlaps. In situations of divided technical leadership cooperative activities are crucial to influence technology adoption. Standardization is a process to commonly agree on a technology. This article investigates the patent declaration behavior of 250 companies which participate in international standard bodies. Over 60,000 patent declarations were analyzed on a firm level basis to show how cooperative activities influence the inclusion of patents in technology standards. Our empirical results show that the involvement in related standards consortia as well as being a member in patent pools favors patent declaration. While the pool variable rather controls for the default mechanism that firms can only join pools when they declare essential IPR, our empirical analysis is able to isolate the positive consortia effect by controlling for a wide range of firm and standard characteristi cs. Weapply panel analysis and find evidence for a positive dynamic effect of entering a standards consortium. We also find significant results for exogenous membership changes in standards consortia. Our findings proof that firms which participate in standards consortia increase their negotiation power in technology selection processes and are thus able to introduce more patents into standards.

Spectrum resources unused in the spatio-temporal domain, so-called whitespace, can be utilised by opportunistic devices during the absence of their incumbent users. The possibility to opportunistically use whitespace implies the knowledge of diverse constraints: knowledge about whitespace utilisation, which can be obtained by spectrum sensing or from a data repository and constraints internal to the opportunistic system, such as quality of service (QoS) levels and mobility targets. The use of whitespace requires therefore a multi-faced management of the above constraints. In this paper, an architecture for use of whitespaces under QoS and mobility constraints is proposed. The proposed architecture flexibly adapts to different operating scenarios also described in this paper. Examples show how different realisations of the same architecture are derived. The interactions of constituent blocks are illustrated also with the help of charts, showing the management of contextinformation and its use.

This paper presents a formal model that enables us to define five distinct types of burden of proof in legal argumentation. Four standards of proof are shown to play a vital role in defining each type of burden. These standards of proof are defined in a precise way suitable for computing in argumentation studies generally, but are based on a long tradition of their use in law. The paper presents a computational model based on these notions that represents a dialectical process that goes from initial claims where issues to be decided are set, and produces a justification for arriving at a decision for one side or the other that can withstand a critical evaluation by a particular audience. The role of the audience can be played by the respondent in some instances, or by a neutral third party audience, depending on the type of dialogue. The paper builds on previous work (Gordon, Prakken and Walton, 2007; Gordon and Walton, 2009) that has applied the Carneades model to studying burden of proof in legal argumentation.

Digital Mock-Up (DMU) is a widely introduced technology to virtually investigate geometrical and mechanical product properties. Functional Digital Mock-Up (FunctionalDMU) is a combination of traditional DMU with behavioral simulation in mechatronics. Enhancing DMU with functional aspects, considerably more insight in product properties can be gained. To enable FunctionalDMU two main tasks have to be solved: a) simulators in the areas of mechanics, electronics, and software simulation have to talk to each other (coupling) and b) the simulation results have to be visualized in an interactive DMU environment. In this paper we present an independent and open approach to a FunctionalDMU framework including co-simulation. Starting with proprietary and natively given behavior and geometric models (in formats like JT), we wrap the behavior models into SysML to enable data exchange on an agreed and standardized format. The native behavior models still are executed in thecorresponding simulators. The simulators are linked to the FunctionalDMU framework using a wrapping approach. Currently we support simulators such as Matlab/Simulink, Dymola, Saber, Rhapsody, SimPack, ANSYS with our framework. During simulation a simulator coupling algorithm controls the simulation processes. A dedicated visualization environment enables the user to interact with the simulation, i.e., to send simulation stimuli, change parameters, observe the simulation run etc. This paper introduces the components of the FunctionalDMU framework and illustrates the approach with an application example.

Resource federation is a concept for sharing information and communication technology (ICT) resources beyond administrative domains. The aim is to implement some common service drawing upon the resources committed by participating organizations. This concept is currently applied in a number of projects to provide large scale experimental facilities serving Future Internet research and development. In this paper we show how federated distributed resources can be described in terms of a common information model to support distributed resource management and Future Internet experimentation.

The European Commission (EC) has launched an initiative to re-formulate their (ICT) standardisation policy. This paper first briefly discusses the current situation in the field of ICT standardisation in Europe. It then takes a closer look at the EC's initiative and its outcome so far, specifically on the recently published White Paper and the comments on it, made by various stakeholders. Subsequently, the latest Communication from the Commission is discussed. Some still open questions are finally discussed. It turns out that the situation is improving, but that many open issue still need to be resolved.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) clouds are gaining increasing popularity as a platform for distributed computations. The virtualization layers of those clouds offer new possibilities for rapid resource provisioning, but also hide aspects of the underlying IT infrastructure which have often been exploited in classic cluster environments. One of those hidden aspects is the network topology, i.e. the way the rented virtual machines are physically interconnected inside the cloud. We propose an approach to infer the network topology connecting a set of virtual machines in IaaS clouds and exploit it for data-intensive distributed applications. Our inference approach relies on delay-based end-to-end measurements and can be combined with traditional IP-level topology information, if available. We evaluate the inference accuracy using the popular hyper visors KVM as well as XEN and highlight possible performance gains for distributed applications.

In this paper we propose an instruction to accelerate software caches. While DMAs are very efficient for predictable data sets that can be fetched before they are needed, they introduce a large latency overhead for computations with unpredictable access behavior. Software caches are advantageous when the data set is not predictable but exhibits locality. However, software caches also incur a large overhead. Because the main overhead is in the access function, we propose an instruction that replaces the look-up function of the software cache. This instruction is evaluated using the Multidimensional Software Cache and two multimedia kernels, GLCM and H.264 Motion Compensation. The results show that the proposed instruction accelerates the software cache access time by a factor of 2.6. This improvement translates to a 2.1 speedup for GLCM and 1.28 for MC, when compared with the IBM software cache.

Currently, a number of research activities worldwide focus on resource federations to enable remote resource access and the setup of large scale experiments. With the global efforts in sharing experimental facility resources across organizational boundaries, interoperability issues are becoming increasingly important. To this end, this paper describes a model that defines the necessary entities for inter resource federation scenarios. The model is then discussed by means of a concrete use case federating Panlab and PlanetLab resources. In this respect Panlab and PlanetLab are considered to be federations themselves. Our findings show that the two approaches can be matched following the general model. This allows for federating resources not only across the boundaries of administrative (organizational) domains but even across the boundaries of federations. Those federations in themselves provide collections of resources offered by several administrative domains and use different control frameworks to enable resource access and management.

In this paper we present an insight on the IPv6 features and a few examples of propositions for Extensions to IPv6 protocols, which enable autonomic network set-up and operation. The concept of autonomicity-realized through control-loop structures embedded within node/device architectures and the overall network architecture as a whole is an enabler for advanced self-manageability of network devices and the network as a whole. GANA Model for Autonomic networking introduces autonomic manager components at various levels of abstraction of functionality within device architectures and the overall network architecture, which are capable of performing autonomic management and control of their associated Managed-Entities (MEs) e.g. protocols, as well as co-operating with each other in driving the self-managing features of the Network(s). MEs are started, congured, constantly monitored and dynamically regulated by the autonomic managers towards optimal and reliable network services. This amounts to what we call autonomic setup and operation of the network. We present how to achieve this, and also present the features that IPv6 protocols exhibit, that are fundamental to designing and building self-conguring, self-optimizing and self-healing networks i.e. IPv6 based autonomic networks.

This paper proposes a common ontology for ratings, i.e. for quantitative user feedback data. Such a framework allows for semantic interoperability of data that adheres to it, which in turn enables the re-use, by making it independent from the original system. In contrast to prior attempts to establish an unambiguous vocabulary, this approach introduces two components that are in our view necessary to formally understand what a userâs rating actually means. The first is the aspect or facet, i.e. the viewing angle that was chosen to look at the rated thing. The second is the meta-model of scales following the scales of measurement that are widely used in descriptive statistics. So in plain words, we allow to formally specify how many out of how many score points something gets and with re gards to what. We follow the open world assumption of the Web Ontology Language (OWL) and design a vocabulary that is not specific to any domain. In turn, we rely on the premise that all domain specific concepts are available as semantic web resources with appropriate URIs.

With the increasing demand of mobile broadband communication and due to the physical limitation in the available wireless spectrum, one of the most preeminent solutions foreseen to maintain the rapid pace of development of wireless systems is the massive deployment of small coverage area cells such as femto or hotspots. However, it requires the inclusion of additional aspects for the wireless core network in order to sustain in a scalable manner the communication not only over the large scale access network, but also over a large number of microcells considering their special requirements in access control and QoS provisioning, seamless handovers, traffic offload and infrastructure sharing. Furthermore trust in the communication over this type of access network has to be ensured through specific security mechanisms. This article analyses the opportunity of such a deployment, the issues that arise and some solutions exemplified on the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core.

In this paper we report an insight of our experiences gained in devising a methodology for validating Scenarios demonstrating autonomic/self-managing network behaviors required in Future Networks - powered by IPv6 and its evolution along the path to the Self-Managing Future Internet. Autonomic networking introduces "autonomic manager components" at various levels of abstraction of functionality within device architectures and the overall network architecture, which are capable of performing autonomic management and control of their associated Managed-Entities (MEs) e.g. protocols and mechanisms, as well as co-operating with each other in driving the self-managing features of the Network(s). MEs are started, configured, constantly monitored and dynamically regulated by the autonomic managers towards optimal and reliable network services. There are some challenges involved when designing and applying a framework for integrating and validating Scenarios demonstrating autonomic behaviors we share in this paper, and show how we have addressed them. In this paper, we present the EU funded FP7 EFIPSANS Integration and Validation Framework that we designed for demonstrating a substantial selection of essential autonomic behaviors of "autonomic managers" whose implementations are based on the principles of the GANA architectural Reference Model for Autonomic Networking and Self-Management, and on the IPv6 protocols and associated extensions proposed and developed in the frame of the EC funded FP7 EFIPSANS Project.

The domain of autonomic networking comes with its own set of architectural challenges and requirements that necessitates the knowledge of other domains like protocol design, system engineering and modern control theory for the design of autonomic behaviors. Thus, there is a need for an unified framework and methodology for designing the autonomic entities of such networks. A Model-driven framework or approach appears as a viable option, as it integrates and masks the differences between the domains through meta-models and model-to-model transformation services. In this paper, we focus on the instantiation of one such methodology and associated tool-chain for the design of the Auto-Configuration behavior in a network. We showcase how the application of the methodology helps in detecting and resolving conflicting and entangled control-loops during the design phase of autonomic behaviors.

A major feature of the Future Internet is the federation of resources, e.g. for forming application-specific routing slices. Currently this can be done by using overlay technologies. Network virtualization techniques, as investigated in the VINI project, further advances this concept to allow the combination of partial resources on network nodes and links. While we do not yet have standard solutions for the general Internet, federation concepts are currently tested across testbeds in Europe, USA and Asia in order to combine testbed resources for experiments like FIRE and GENI. As network scientists we need such testbeds in order to validate theoretical results for large-scale highly distributed environments and under real network conditions. But since testbeds nowadays are typically customized to particular user groups and offer different capabilities some experiments require the federation of testbeds to profit from a broader set of characteristics and functions.

Non-linear video is an approach, which makes video content an interactive experience. Non-linear video gives the viewer the opportunity to interact with objects that are part of the video and access supplemental information. On demand, multimedia content is linked with related information. Interactive, time independent navigation opens a new ways to experience video content. This paper shows how such an system could be built upon IPTV and web technology in a cross platform manner.

The increasing popularity of multi-hop wireless mesh networks, augmented with specific mechanisms required to support carrier-grade services, makes them an attractive alternative to classical backhaul solutions for network operators. However, current mesh deployments are typically small-sized, and, under real-time service requirements, it is yet unclear if they could scale to realistic network sizes. In this paper we present a carrier-grade mesh network architecture and conduct a thorough study of its scalability. In particular, we identify the main bottleneck problems and evaluate by means of simulations and practical experiments the costs induced by the modules that provide self-configuration, resource handling, routing and mobility support capabilities. The obtained results confirm that the control overhead of the proposed modules is low enough to permit mesh deployments spanning a network size of 100 nodes. Furthermore, our architecture and all proposed modules support dividing the whole network into sub-domains, which allows operating even larger networks.

The challenging and ever increasing requirements of future applications demand new concepts for better control and management of network resources. The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) introduced in their latest specifications the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) architecture for transparently unifying the parameters of different technologies, like the UMTS, WLAN, non-3GPP access technologies and a future Evolved Radio Access Network, called Long Term Evolution (LTE), with the use of multiple application platforms such as IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) and the Internet. This paper describes a testbed implementation of the Evolved Packet Core named OpenEPC which provides a reference implementation of 3GPPs EPC developed by the Fraunhofer Institute FOKUS. OpenEPC is a set of software com ponents offering advanced IP mobility schemes, policy-based QoS control, and integration with different application platforms in converging network environments. This initiative, in addition to fostering research and development, enables academic and industry researchers to rapidly realize state-of-the-art NGMN infrastructures and application testbeds.

With the deployment of new wireless connected devices like sensors and actuators for metering, automotive, healthcare, tracing etc. the wireless core network has to support a new level of scalability for all its functionality, including the mobility management. Being designed for human communication only, the current network architecture ensures seamless mobility in all network locations for all devices being highly redundant for low mobile devices which are rarely and in reduced areas or never moving. This paper introduces a new low mobility management concept based on subscriber device differentiation and differentiated forwarding mechanisms, along with its integration with the current functionality through dynamic management parameters updates. Furthermore, the concept is exemplified on the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core architecture and evaluated as a testbed realization based on the Fraunhofer OpenEPC testbed.

In this paper we present an overview of the policy modeling tool of the argumentation toolbox being developed in the European IMPACT project. The tool is a web version of the Carneades argumentation system extended with support for comparing policy alternatives in deliberative democracy application scenarios. The tool can be also be used as a legal expert system shell, for example in applications for helping citizens to assess their rights to social benefits, in much the same way as some commercial rule-based systems, but goes further towards realizing the vision of isomorphic modeling by being based on the state-of-the-art in Artificial Intelligence and Law and Computational Models of Argument fields.

While Web and TV is mostly about bringing Web functionality to TV sets, there are also areas where the Web might profit from experiences in the TV domain. One of these areas is the access to parental guidance setting data. Many devices from the TV domain (TVs, Set-Top Boxes, DVD players, PVRs) allow some sort of setting of age or other restrictions. This is then used to restrict the content can be viewed on the device. In most cases, the setting is handled internally in the video player firmware, which determines the parental rating of the video content and then, depending on the device restriction settings, blocks the playing of the video on the device. But in many cases, the information about the device setting would also be beneficial for Web applications running on a device. For exam ple, if a device is restricted to 'no movies to be played with a rating above PG', applications running on the device should probably also avoid advertisements for alcoholic drinks. And, unless it is a brand strengthening campaign, adverts for a specific car model or special offer would presumably be wasted as well. Web applications could also adapt to the device setting information,

Currently there are a number of approaches to get web technology on TV, from minimalist approaches that just provide 'some sort of browser' on a set-top box to complete widget shop, storage and execution environments, or a full declarative application environment for IPTV services. The overlap between application areas and device domains decreases. Video is watched on smart phones, the set-top box plays MP3 files, a 'new mail' reminder pops up on the phone and the user switches on the laptop to answer it. The phone builds a Skype connection to the TV. I use the EPG on my Android to program the set-top box at home. There are few 'domain specific' applications anymore, while the number of applications that either are present on all sorts of devices, perform different parts of functions of one application on different devices or allow the continuation of an application started on one device on another device is increasing.

Mobility in a wireless heterogeneous scenario in which the mobile devices are able to connect to more than one access technology available in their vicinity requires a re-consideration of the access network reselection mechanisms as to ensure seamless handovers for real deployments. This paper describes and evaluates a new proactive vertical handover optimization which enables a fast reselection, independent and in addition to the classic proactive procedures, using as a central concept that in specific conditions, the access network selection functionality located in the network should trigger a network internal proactive procedure which does not imply a high usage of the target access network resources according to the probability that a handover will be necessary in the near future as t o reduce the actual handover delay. This concept is exemplified on the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core and evaluated on a minimal prototype implementation.

Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are often seen as an affordable solution to bring Internet connectivity into rural and previously unconnected regions. To date, the main focus has been to provide access to classical services such as the WWW or email which requires the users to use a personal computer or a recent smart phone. In many developing regions, however, the prevailing end user device is a mobile phone. In order to connect mobile phones to an IP-based wireless back-haul networks, the network access points must provide a mobile phone air interface, compatible with GSM or UMTS specifications. Avoiding dependence on a costly mobile operator infrastructure, we propose to deploy GSM or 3GPP nano cells in order to terminate the mobile phone protocols immediately at the local network access points. Therefore, voice or data traffic can be carried over wireless back-haul networks using open protocols such as SIP and RTP. In this paper we present a meshed wireless back-haul n etworkarchitecture whose access points have been equipped with GSM nano-cells. The voice packets generated by mobile phones are carried across the back-haul network in parallel to typical web or video traffic. We evaluate the QoS handling received by the voice calls across our multi-hop wireless testbed and show that our architecture can provide the resource isolation required to offer uninterrupted VoIP services in parallel to regular Internet traffic.

Rural areas in emerging or developed countries often lack affordable broadband Internet connectivity. Especially in emerging countries this limits the access to knowledge, government services, etc. The major limiting factors are the CAPEX and especially the OPEX related to traditional wireless carrier equipment, the vast and sparsely populated areas as well as the relatively large energy footprint of such equipment. Since in many rural regions access to a power grid is not available or highly instable, ensuring a 24/7 operation of a cell site is a very costly task. To address these issues we have developed a carrier-grade heterogeneous multi-radio back-haul architecture which may be deployed to extend, complement or even replace traditional operator equipment. Our Wireless Back-Haul (WiBAC K) network technology extends the wireless back-haul coverage while building on cost-effective and low-power equipment. In this paper we first present a pilot scenario in Maseru, Lesotho, where an entrepreneur starts out with three eKiosk/VoIP sites with the goal of covering large parts of the city of Maseru. Using a testbed resembling the initial setup and identical hardware as planned for Maseru, we evaluate the QoS-related performance of this WiBACK-based network and show that we can meet the QoS demands of the eKiosk/VoIP systems even under heavy load and that the system is capable to support the planned future network growth.

While there has been undeniable progress in the field of autonomic networking research over the past several years, widespread deployments of self-management techniques are still missing. At the same time the need for techniques enabling the transformation of operational models, the evolution towards more flexible networks is becoming more and more evident. Further, most efforts have been focused on solving manageability bottlenecks in a given technological domain, while communication services extend anywhere, regardless of the technological boundaries (e.g. wireline/wireless). This paper presents an end-to-end and modular approach for the realization of future autonomic networks, focusing on common management and information substrates semantically enriched, on network empowerment mechanisms providing reasoning embodiment right into the network systems, and on the establishment of a reference trust framework for large-scale deployment and adoption.

This paper presents a solution to ensure arbitrarily secure communication in a large computer network by using secret sharing and multiple parties mistrusting each other instead of relying on some trusted party or a web of trust. In contrast to other solutions that use a PKI and require asymmetric encryption, this concept can guarantee to provide secure communication even after any possible advance in cryptanalysis and even if unlimited calculation power was available to attack it. But this solution requires the computer network to have special properties. It is mainly intended to be used in the S-Network, a repository for reliable publications.

Security and model-based testing are no new topics but still under development and of high interest. In particular, their combination is still a challenge for academic work and industrial applications. Systematic and automated security testing include e.g. security functional testing, Model-based fuzzing, Risk-oriented testing and the usage of security test pattern. National and international standardization committees provide significant efforts by their working groups in the context of security testing. They cover fundamental frameworks but also detailed test specifications for concrete technologies. The range of activities is very large and includes classical concepts from security evaluation using common criteria (CCRA) but also European activities from ETSI addressing TVRA. The cont ribution gives an overview about important standardization taxonomies and activities as well as sample innovative industrial case studies, including tools and techniques that have been selected in the European ITEA project DIAMONDS.

The CONSERN project (COoperative aNd Self growing Energy awaRe Networks) develops the novel Self-Growing concept. It is part of the European Commission's FP7 research initiative focusing on the following two major research directions: i) Solutions for optimised energy and power consumption in a small scale, purpose-driven network through balancing autonomic and cooperative approaches and ii) mechanisms for the self-evolvement of the network towards a large-scale, multi-purpose network. This paper will detail mechanisms developed within CONSERN that allow an on-going integration of existing networks in an ever-growing, complex environment, applying continuous self-optimization mechanisms and guaranteeing a minimized level of power-consumption, resource usage efficiency.

Handling the complexity of future network infrastructure presents great challenges to network management. Introduction of self-management features will allow for the automation of common management tasks. Based on an architecture for measurement and self-management we analyze in this paper a use case for achieving energy-efficient adaptations in access networks comparing various options of node cooperation and information exchange.

Wireless operators, in developed or emerging regions, must support the triple-play service offerings demanded by the market or by regulatory bodies through so-called Universal Service Obligations (USOs). The same USO often also requires the coverage of a large percentage of the population, which especially in emerging regions lives in vast rural areas outside the larger cities. Since individual operators might have different requirements such as available spectrum licenses or technologies, we have developed a carrier-grade heterogeneous multi-radio back-haul architecture which may be deployed to extend, complement or even replace traditional operator equipment. This Wireless Back-Haul (WiBACK) architecture integrates broadcast technologies to off-load the distribution of live content, such as TV or radio, to longer range, e.g. DVB-T, overlay cells. Therefore, the WiBACK architecture provides a cost-effective low-power alternative to extend the wireless back-haul coverag e inurban, but especially in rural and previously unconnected areas. In order to manage the physical and logical resources of such a network, a centralized coordinator approach has been chosen, where no routing state is kept at plain WiBACK Nodes (WNs) which merely store QoS-aware MPLS forwarding state. In this paper we present our design of the centralized Topology Management Function (TMF) and its ring-based approach, validate its functionality and evaluate the performance for dense and sparse topologies.

The European Commission has launched an initiative to re-formulate their ICT standardisation policy. This paper discusses the developments in the field of ICT standardisation policy in Europe. It takes a closer look t some of the most important outcomes so far, including the recently published White Paper, the comments on it, and the resulting Communication from the Commission. It also makes some briefly suggestions on how to proceed.

Soaring costs and an aging society originate the need for novel technologies in health care sector. Especially telemedicine and AAL systems are often promoted as such. Enabling patients to stay in their domestic environment while reducing costs due to hospital visits seems to be an evaluable opportunity on the one hand but introduces a lot of challenges, like interoperability and security, on the other. Interoperability is the main challenge to put emphasis on, when thinking of networks of medical devices recording patients vital data while acting in a plug-and-play manner. Thus, standards are needed that enable manufacturers to build interoperable medical devices and provide solutions for cost effective and easy to use telemedicine systems. Therefore this paper analyzes the ISO/IEEE11073 PHD standard towards its applicability in such environments, where the focus lies on self-organization and plug-and-play functionality. Furthermore we want to present research done ontelemedicine/AAL systems during the SmartSenior project as well as introduce our own ISO/IEEE11073 implementation, which served as a basis for our analysis.

Abstract: Virtualisierung ist nicht nur ein aktuelles Thema für Rechenzentren und deren Server. Auch bei sicherheitskritischen, eingebetteten Systemen werden Virtualisierungstechnologien eingesetzt. Dieser Trend ist auch das Ergebnis einer zunehmenden Verwendung von Mehrkern Prozessoren zur Erhöhung der Funktionsdichte und zur weiteren Senkung der Kosten. Diese Arbeit beschreibt die Verwendung von Virtualisierung im Engineering-Konflikt zwischen dem Streben nach gleichzeitiger Isolation und Integration eines Gesamtsystems. Dies führt zu einer Spezialisierung des Begriffs Virtualisierung, um den Anforderungen sicherheitsgerichteter, eingebetteter Systeme stärker Rechnung zu tragen. Anhand eines aktuellen Fallbeispiels aus dem Automotive-Kontext werden diese neuen Anforderungen in einem konkreten Anwendungskontext illustriert und diskutiert. Als Ausblick auf zukünftige Herausforderungen werden abschließend die zukünftigen Entwicklungen bei Manycore Architekturen vorgestellt und die wesentlichen Potentiale und Auswirkungen für das Systemdesign herausgearbeitet.

Unter der Leitung von Herrn Dr. Both (Senatsverwaltung für Wirtschaft, Technologie und Frauen) setzen Fraunhofer FOKUS und BerlinOnline ein Portal für Berliner Daten um. Vorbilder sind dabei die englische Seite data.gov.uk und data.wien.gv.at aus Österreich. Die Kernidee der OpenData-Bewegung klingt banal, ist jedoch revolutionär: die Daten zu veröffentlichen, die den öffentlichen Institutionen ohnehin vorliegen. Dabei ist wichtig, dass die Informationen frei zugänglich und maschinenlesbar sind. Denn wenn sie von Dritten in neuen Visualierungen oder Anwendungen eingesetzt werden können, profitieren die Bürger in zweifacher Hinsicht: Erstens wird die Verwaltung transparent, Erfolge und Defizite sind für jeden einsehbar und nachvollziehbar. Zweitens können auf Grundlage der Daten Dienste erbracht werden, die ohne sie nicht möglich oder unwirtschaftlich wären. Auch und insbesondere mobile Anwendungen hängen stark von Umfang, Qualität und Aktualität der verwendeten Datenbestände ab. Als Beispiel sei hier ein mobiles Navigationssystem genannt, das Geographische Informationen, Öffnungszeiten und Mobilitätseinschränkungen von öffentlichen Institutionen zur Routenplanung berücksichtigt. Ein zentrales Verzeichnis maschinenlesbarer Daten, wie in diesem Projekt realisiert, ermöglicht es Entwicklern und Datenjournalisten vorhandene Bestände zu sichten und davon inspiriert neuartige Anwendungen zu erfinden. Entscheidend ist hier die Verschiebung der Innovation: nicht die Besitzer der Daten stellen diese für einen genau bestimmten Zweck zur Verfügung, sondern zunächst werden Informationen zweckfrei bereitgestellt, und jede Idee für deren Einsatz kann ausgeführt werden. Die Projektteilnehmer gehen dabei die ersten beiden Schritte des 5-Sterne-Prinzip von Tim Berners-Lee: Zunächst werden Datensätze zentral verzeichnet und unter möglichst offene Lizenzen gestellt. Nach Möglichkeit kommen Formate zum Einsatz, die von Maschinen verarbeitet werden können, wie XLS im Gegensatz zu PDF, DOC und HTML. Auch ist die Anzahl der Datensätze zunächst gering. Doch bis zur Vision von Berners-Lee Linked Open Data ist es noch ein weiter Weg: Danach werden alle geeigneten Datensätze in einem offenen, sematischen Standard zeitnah und qualitätsgeprüft veröffentlicht.

ETSI has provided a practical Evaluation Methodology, called the TVRA Methodology, with respect to three kinds of system: Threats, Vulnerabilities and Risks (TVR) of a system to be analyzed (thus being identified) by executing seven (basic version 2009) respectively 10 steps (advanced version 2010) according to recent ETSI TS 102 165-1 V4.2.x (2010) TISPAN specification. ETSI's Evaluation Philosophy behind the TVR-Analysis Methodology is that any security-sensitive system or module must be evaluated and tested against the security perimeter by which a module fortifies her assets. An example of fortification is the so-called Cryptographic Module according the specification of the NIST standard FIPS PUB 140-2. By this contribution we demonstrate ETSI's TVRA security evaluation approach b y applying model-based testing techniques and, where appropriate - implementations by applying TTCN-3 notation to systems being subject of vulnerabilities and threats in a hostile environment.

General considerations; Security testing activities; Model-based security testing;The DIAMONDS project; Summary This document lists approaches dedicated to testing software security.

In 2009 the German Federal Ministry of Health initiated an R&D project on the design and prototypical implementation of a German national Personal Health Record (PHR). Major requirements included advanced security and privacy means and a generic platform semantics that allows for operating various patient-centric eHealth applications within the PHR. Decision was made to use HSSP Retrieve, Locate and Update Service (RLUS) on top of a SOA security architecture. The German PHR platform will support both synchronous and asynchronous exchange of medical data between a physician and a patient. On the patient side RLUS services encapsulate existing PHR systems (e.g. Microsoft's healthvault) or simple medical data storage devices (e.g. USB cards). The RLUS services implement 6 different communication patterns for requesting and providing medical data that can be used as building blocks for implementing arbitrarily complex communication scenarios. RLUS semantic signifiers are used to refer to content specific information models and CDA schemas. The RLUS operations are safeguarded by SAML-coded security token that carry authentication and authorization data. The architecture allows for both pushing and pulling XACML policies. Pushing of policies is used for ad hoc authorization with a health card. In this case a XACML policy is generated on demand and pushed to the RLUS services within the SOAP header. The presentation will show how RLUS can be used to implement a health record infrastructure that is designed for scalability and rich functionality. It will be demonstrated how semantic signifiers support dealing with large amounts of health data within a single record and how the scale for a future support of record systems where health data might be organized according to medical domain models instead of being exchanged solely as static documents. The presentation will as well show how RLUS operations can be safeguarded with SOA-style security services that make use of standards such as WS-Trust, SAML and WSS.

Service-Oriented Network Architecture, Multimedia, Quality of Service, Internet housekeeping

Das Seminar bietet einen breiten Überblick über die Herausforderungen und Forschungsschwerpunkte im Bereich der teil- und vollautonom fahrenden Fahrzeuge. Dies umfasst den heutigen Stand, die aktuelle Forschung bis hin zu zukünftigen Szenarien zum Mischbetrieb von autonomen und menschlich gelenkten Fahrzeugen auf unseren Straßen.

Das Seminar bietet einen breiten Überblick über die Herausforderungen und Forschungsschwerpunkte im Bereich der teil- und vollautonom fahrenden Fahrzeuge. Dies umfasst den heutigen Stand, die aktuelle Forschung bis hin zu zukünftigen Szenarien zum Mischbetrieb von autonomen und menschlich gelenkten Fahrzeugen auf unseren Straßen.

In diesem Projekt werden die in den AV Vorlesungen NGN und FIT erworbenen Kenntnisse durch praktische Programmieraufgaben vertieft. Dabei werden mit Blick auf Exzellenz und Nachhaltigkeit in kleinen Gruppen neue Komponenten, Schnittstellen, Anwendungen und Werkzeuge fuer die AV/FOKUS OSTP, Next Generation Mobile Networks und FI Testbeds entwickelt. Die genauen Themen sind der AV Homepage zu entnehmen unter www.av.tu-berlin.de.

In diesem Projekt werden die in den AV Vorlesungen NGN und FIT erworbenen Kenntnisse durch praktische Programmieraufgaben vertieft. Dabei werden mit Blick auf Exzellenz und Nachhaltigkeit in kleinen Gruppen neue Komponenten, Schnittstellen, Anwendungen und Werkzeuge für NGN und FI Testbeds entwickelt die bei AV/Fraunhofer FOKUS zum Einsatz kommen. Die Technologien kommen aus den Bereichen Service Composition und Web Mash Ups, Identity and Policy Management, Converged Instant Messaging, IP-TV, Videostreaming, Infrastructure as a Service, Virtualisation.

In diesem Projekt werden die in den AV Vorlesungen NGN und FIT erworbenen Kenntnisse durch praktische Programmieraufgaben vertieft. Dabei werden mit Blick auf Exzellenz und Nachhaltigkeit in kleinen Gruppen neue Komponenten, Schnittstellen, Anwendungen und Werkzeuge fuer die AV/FOKUS OSTP, Next Generation Mobile Networks und FI Testbeds entwickelt. Die genauen Themen sind der AV Homepage zu entnehmen unter www.av.tu-berlin.de.

In diesem Projekt werden die in den AV Vorlesungen NGN und FIT erworbenen Kenntnisse durch praktische Programmieraufgaben vertieft. Dabei werden mit Blick auf Exzellenz und Nachhaltigkeit in kleinen Gruppen neue Komponenten, Schnittstellen, Anwendungen und Werkzeuge fuer die AV/FOKUS OSTP, Next Generation Mobile Networks und FI Testbeds entwickelt. Die genauen Themen sind der AV Homepage zu entnehmen unter www.av.tu-berlin.de.

Vorträge/Präsentationen zu aktueller Forschung des Fachgebiets, Vorstellung laufender Dissertationsvorhaben und Forschgungsprojekte, Diskussion und Erarbeitung von Forschungsansätzen, insbesondere für Diplomanden und Doktoranden.

Vorträge/Präsentationen zu aktueller Forschung des Fachgebiets, Vorstellung laufender Dissertationsvorhaben und Forschgungsprojekte, Diskussion und Erarbeitung von Forschungsansätzen, insbesondere für Diplomanden und Doktoranden.

Diese Vorlesung behandelt Fahrerassistenzsysteme u.a. am Beispiel der sichtsystem- und kommunikationsgestützten Führung von Kraftfahrzeugen. Dabei werden die sensorische Erfassung der aktuellen Situation, deren Beurteilung und die Ermittlung von geeigneten Aktionen diskutiert. Diese Veranstaltung kann ohne Vorkenntnisse besucht werden und ergänzt die Vorlesung "Informationstechnik im Kraftfahrzeug" (IT-KFZ) aus dem Sommersemester.

The lecture introduces standardization as a strategic tool in the economy and society, e.g. reducing barriers to trade, for the marketability of innovations and relieving governmental regulation. The relationship between standards and patents and the strategic options for their application are explained. Business and economic benefits of standardization are described and explained using a variety of examples.

Das Testen nimmt einen immer größeren Stellenwert in der Entwicklung und Qualitätssicherung software-basierter Systeme ein. Diese VL wird Basiskonzepte des Software-Testen erläutern und praxis-relevante Methoden zum Testmanagement, zum Testentwurf, zur Testspezifikation, Testgenerierung und Testbewertung vermitteln. Übungen helfen, den Stoff zu erfassen und praktisch anzuwenden. Folgende Themenblöcke werden behandelt: -- Grundlagen des Softwaretestens -- Testen im Softwarelebenszyklus -- Statischer Test -- Dynamischer Test -- Testfallentwurfsverfahren -- Testmanagement -- Testwerkzeuge Die Vorlesung basiert auf dem ISTQB® (International Software Testing Qualification Board, www.istqb.org) Certified Tester Programm, einem weltweit anerkannten, standardisierten Aus- und Weiterbildungsschema für Software-Tester. Die VL vermittelt den Stoff des ISTQB Software Tester Foundation Level und weiterführende aktuelle Testmethoden und -techniken. Im Anschluss kann daher neben der Prüfung zur VL eine Prüfung zum Zertifikat Software Tester Foundation Level abgelegt werden. Dieses Zertifikat wird mittlerweile in vielen Stellenausschreibungen nachgefragt.

Die Vorlesung stellt Technologien, Architekturen und Konzepte gängiger Kommunikationssysteme und -anwendungen vor, insbesondere die in Internet und Telekommunikationssystemen relevanten Protokolle, Infrastrukturen und Dienstplattformen. Die hier vermittelten Grundlagen werden in den Veranstaltungen des Hauptstudiums an den Lehrstühlen OKS und AV vertieft.

Diese Vorlesung gibt einen Einblick in die Grundlagen der Informationstechnik im Kraftfahrzeug. Dabei werden die verschiedenen Elektronik-Domänen des Fahrzeugs mit ihren Fragestellungen und Systemausprägungen erläutert. Einen besonderen Schwerpunkt bildet das Gebiet moderner Assistenzsysteme im Fahrzeug. Die Veranstaltung hebt nicht allein auf die technische Ausgestaltung der Systeme ab, sondern behandelt auch industrielle Fragestellungen der Entwicklung, Produktion und Vermarktung dieser Systeme.

Inhalt Vorstellung der Lehrveranstaltungen der Fachgebiete - Offene Kommunikationssysteme (OKS) und - Architektur der Vermittlungsknoten (AV). Sowie der Lehrveranstaltungen des An- Institutes DCAITI. Erläuterung des Hauptstudiums im Studiengebiet BKS.

Inhalt Vorstellung der Lehrveranstaltungen der Fachgebiete - Offene Kommunikationssysteme (OKS) und - Architektur der Vermittlungsknoten (AV). Sowie der Lehrveranstaltungen des An- Institutes DCAITI. Erläuterung des Hauptstudiums im Studiengebiet BKS.

Ziel der Veranstaltung ist es zunächst verschiedenen Innovationstypen und Innovationsphasen zu vermitteln und dabei auch auf die Methoden der empirischen Innovationsforschung (z.B. die Verwendung von Innovationsindikatoren) abzuheben. In einem zweiten Abschnitt werden die verschiedenen innovationsökonomischen, unter anderem neoklassischen, evolutorischen und historisch-institutionellen Theorienansätze vermittelt. Ein dritter Teil der Veranstaltung behandelt regional-, industrie- und makroökonomische Effekte durch Innovationsaktivitäten.

Vorträge und Präsentationen zu relevanten Themenfelder der Innovationspoltik: Entwicklung und Ökonomie der Technologie- und Forschungspolitik auf nationaler und europäischer Ebene; Evaluation der Innovationspolitik (Best Governance des Innovationssystems); Einführung in die empirische Innovationsforschung; Externe Gasvorträge von Trägern der nationalen und europäischen Innovationspolitik zu aktuellen innovationspolitischen Maßnahmen; Präsentationsleistungen und Diskussionen durch Teilnehmer

Es werden praxisorientiert Methoden und Werkzeuge der analytischen Qualitätssicherung vorgestellt, die in der industriellen Entwicklung von Automotive- Software Anwendung finden bzw. kurz vor der Einführung stehen. Neben Grundlagen und Fallbeispielen werden gängige Verfahren u.a. zur Fehlerfindung und Qualitätsbewertung, zu statischen und dynamischen Testverfahren und zur Modellbasierten Qualitätssicherung vorgestellt.

Es werden verschiedenen Projekte zur modellbasierten Systementwicklung angeboten: diese behandeln Aspekte der Systemmodellierung, der Anforderungsanalyse, der Prozessmodellierung, der Generierung von Entwicklungsartefakten, der Verifikation und Validierung, etc. Implementierungen erfolgen typischerweise in Eclipse, Java/C++ und/ oder XML.

In dieser VL werden grundlegende Konzepte, Architekturen, Protokolle, und Schnittstellen von aktuellen und zukünftigen Offenen Dienstplattformen auf der Basis konvergierender Netzwerktechnologien wie drahtlose und drahtgebundene Telekommunikationsnetzwerke, Next Generation Networks (NGNs) und Next Generation Mobile Networks vorgestellt. Insbesondere werden vorgestellt: VoIP, das IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , aktuelle Entwicklungen des Evolved Packet Core und das Zusammenspiel der grundlegenden Technologien: SIP, Diameter, SIP Server, Media Server, Application Server, Service Delivery Platforms wie Telco JSON APIs, Telco JSON APIs, IN/CAMEL, OSA/Parlay, JAIN Web2.0 Mash ups, etc.

In diesem Projekt werden neueste Trends aus den Bereichen Ubiquitous Computing, Empfehlungssysteme (Amazon.com, last.fm) und Web-Datenaggregation / Data-Mashups (Friend Feed, Gnip), Handhelds (PDAs), Wearables, mobile Telekommunikationssysteme, Internet (Web2.0), interaktivem IPTV und konvergenten Mediendiensten untersucht und die entsprechenden Technologien im Rahmen von praktischen Umsetzungen (Implementierungen) eingesetzt.

In diesem Projekt werden neueste Trends aus den Bereichen Ubiquitous Computing, Empfehlungssysteme (Amazon.com, last.fm) und Web-Datenaggregation / Data-Mashups (Friend Feed, Gnip), Handhelds (PDAs), Wearables, mobile Telekommunikationssysteme, Internet (Web2.0), interaktivem IPTV und konvergenten Mediendiensten untersucht und die entsprechenden Technologien im Rahmen von praktischen Umsetzungen (Implementierungen) eingesetzt. Die Veranstaltungen dient zum praktischen Umsetzung und Anwenden des in den Lehrveranstaltungen erworbenen Wissens. Hierzu werden von den Studenten in Teams interessante Anwendungen entwickelt und ausprobiert.

In diesem Projekt werden neueste Trends aus den Bereichen Ubiquitous Computing, Empfehlungssysteme (Amazon.com, last.fm) und Web-Datenaggregation / Data-Mashups (Friend Feed, Gnip), Handhelds (PDAs), Wearables, mobile Telekommunikationssysteme, Internet (Web2.0), interaktivem IPTV und konvergenten Mediendiensten untersucht und die entsprechenden Technologien im Rahmen von praktischen Umsetzungen (Implementierungen) eingesetzt. Die Veranstaltungen dient zum praktischen Umsetzung und Anwenden des in den Lehrveranstaltungen erworbenen Wissens. Hierzu werden von den Studenten in Teams interessante Anwendungen entwickelt und ausprobiert.

Globale Märkte beobachten und lokal agieren - praxisnahe Einblicke in das professionelle Innovieren von neuen Anwendungen und Produkten in der modernen digitalen Welt der Zukunft (internationales Wissen in heimischen Märkten gewinnbringend einsetzten, Kreativität planen, neue Ideen auf den Markt bringen ...) Experten aus unterschiedlichen Branchen (3D Film, Web 2.0 und internationale Technologieberatung) berichten.

Globale Märkte beobachten und lokal agieren - praxisnahe Einblicke in das professionelle Innovieren von neuen Anwendungen und Produkten in der modernen digitalen Welt der Zukunft (internationales Wissen in heimischen Märkten gewinnbringend einsetzten, Kreativität planen, neue Ideen auf den Markt bringen ...) Experten aus unterschiedlichen Branchen (3D Film, Web 2.0 und internationale Technologieberatung) berichten. Die Teilnehmer lernen, eine eigene Produktidee (Hausarbeit) zu entwickeln.

In diesem Projekt werden neueste Trends aus den Bereichen Ubiquitous Computing, Empfehlungssysteme (Amazon.com, last.fm) und Web-Datenaggregation / Data-Mashups (Friend Feed, Gnip), Handhelds (PDAs), Wearables, mobile Telekommunikationssysteme, Internet (Web2.0), interaktivem IPTV und konvergenten Mediendiensten untersucht und die entsprechenden Technologien im Rahmen von praktischen Umsetzungen (Implementierungen) eingesetzt. Die Veranstaltungen dient zum praktischen Umsetzung und Anwenden des in den Lehrveranstaltungen erworbenen Wissens. Hierzu werden von den Studenten in Teams interessante Anwendungen entwickelt und ausprobiert.

In diesem Projekt werden neueste Trends aus den Bereichen Ubiquitous Computing, Empfehlungssysteme (Amazon.com, last.fm) und Web-Datenaggregation / Data-Mashups (Friend Feed, Gnip), Handhelds (PDAs), Wearables, mobile Telekommunikationssysteme, Internet (Web2.0), interaktivem IPTV und konvergenten Mediendiensten untersucht und die entsprechenden Technologien im Rahmen von praktischen Umsetzungen (Implementierungen) eingesetzt. Die Veranstaltungen dient zum praktischen Umsetzung und Anwenden des in den Lehrveranstaltungen erworbenen Wissens. Hierzu werden von den Studenten in Teams interessante Anwendungen entwickelt und ausprobiert.

Qualitätssicherung nimmt einen immer größeren Stellenwert in der Systementwicklung ein. Gerade für sicherheits- und geschäftskritische Systeme muß die Qualitätssicherung systematisch erfolgen. Dieses Seminar wird dazu neueste Entwicklungen, Methoden und Technologien vorstellen und bewerten. Hierbei werden die Teilnehmer anhand aktueller Publikationen Vorträge zur Qualitätssicherung eingebetteter Systeme erarbeiten.

Inhalt Dieses Projekt erörtert die Möglichkeiten der Simulation von Anwendungen, die auf Fahrzeug-zu-X Kommunikation basieren. Dabei soll eine vorhandene Simulationsumgebung des Fachbereichs OKS mit Hilfe des zu erarbeiteten Fachwissens weiter entwickelt werden. In einem initialen Fachvortrag stellen wir Euch verschiedene Simulatoren vor, die innerhalb unserer Simulationsumgebung zum Einsatz kommen. Gemeinsam werden dann einzelne weiterführenden Aspekte erarbeitet, die ihr dann selbstständig löst, implementiert und in einem Kurzvortrag und einer entsprechenden Dokumentation vorstellt.

Dieses Projekt erörtert die Möglichkeiten der Simulation von Anwendungen, die auf Fahrzeug-zu-X Kommunikation basieren. Dabei soll eine vorhandene Simulationsumgebung des Fachbereichs OKS mit Hilfe des zu erarbeiteten Fachwissens weiter entwickelt werden. In einem initialen Fachvortrag stellen wir Euch verschiedene Simulatoren vor, die innerhalb unserer Simulationsumgebung zum Einsatz kommen.

The lecture introduces standardization as a strategic tool in the economy and society, e.g. reducing barriers to trade, for the marketability of innovations and relieving governmental regulation. The relationship between standards and patents and the strategic options for their application are explained. Business and economic benefits of standardization are described and explained using a variety of examples.

Im Rahmen der Veranstaltung wird Normung als ein strategisches Instrument in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft vorgestellt, z.B. zum Abbau von Handelshemmnissen, für die Marktfähigkeit von Innovationen und zur Entlastung der staatlichen Regulierung. Der Zusammenhang von Normen und Patenten wird erläutert und die strategischen Optionen zum Einsatz dieser beiden Instrumente des Technologietransfers. Der betriebsund volkswirtschaftliche Nutzen der Normung wird beschrieben und anhand zahlreicher Beispiele erläutert.

In diesem Projekt werden Themen rund um die Methodik der Testentwicklung und Systembewertung behandelt. Insbesondere stehen die Werkzeugunterstützung und Entwicklung von Testlösungen mittels TTCN-3, mit dem Ziel der weiteren Testautomatisierung, im Vordergrund. Implementierungen erfolgen hauptsächlich mit Eclipse, Java und XML.

Diese Vorlesung vermittelt die Ziele und Technologien der Kommunikation zwischen Fahrzeugen sowie Fahrzeugen und der Straßeninfrastruktur. Außerdem betrachten wir neuartige Anwendungen, die durch mobilfunkgestützte Kommunikation ins Fahrzeug möglich werden. Ziel dieser neuen Kommunikationstechnologien im Fahrzeug ist die Erhöhung der Sicherheit, Verkehrseffizienz sowie die Steigerung des Fahrkomforts. Die wissenschaftliche Validierung dieser Ziele, die zum Teil eines erheblichen Investitionsaufwand bedürfen, ist herausfordern und wird ebenfalls im Rahmen dieser Vorlesung behandelt.